Isakhiwo se-PIN photodetector

Isakhiwo seIsitholi sesithombe se-PIN

Isitholi sezithombe, idivayisi eguqula izimpawu zokukhanya zibe izimpawu zikagesi isebenzisa umphumela we-photoelectric, ifana neso lomuntu futhi ingabamba izimpawu ezibuthakathaka ezibonakalayo nezingabonakali. Ngenxa yesimiso sayo sokusebenza sokukhanya okubangela izinguquko ezakhiweni zomzimba zezinto, ama-photodetector anezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezinhlobo eziningi, ngayinye inezimo zayo zokusetshenziswa ezihlukile.
Izinhlobo zama-photodetector zihlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ezicini zazo zesakhiwo, okuhlanganisa amadivayisi e-vacuum optoelectronic, ama-photoconductive detector,Ama-photodiode e-PIN, ama-phototransistors, kanye nezitholi ze-avalanche diode (Isitholi sezithombe se-APDOkuphawulekayo yi-PIN photodetector, eyandisa ububanzi besifunda sokuncipha ngokungenisa ungqimba lwe-semiconductor lohlobo lwe-I lokuhlushwa oluphansi endaweni yokuhlangana kwe-PN, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ithonya lokunyakaza kokusabalalisa futhi ithuthukise isivinini sokuphendula.
Ama-photodiode e-PIN asetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukene njengokuxhumana kwe-optical, ukulinganisa kwe-optical, izithombe zezokwelapha, kanye ne-laser ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwe-quantum ephezulu, umsindo ophansi, impendulo ye-wide spectral, kanye nokuphendula okusheshayo. Isibonelo, ama-detectors e-amplification asekelwe ku-silicon kanye nama-photodetectors alinganiselayo angaphansi kwalesi sigaba. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-PIN photodetectors alinganiselwe ekhonweni lawo lokubona izimpawu zokukhanya ezibuthakathaka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-gain eyengeziwe. I-avalanche photodiode (i-APD photodetector) yandisa i-photocurrent ngokungenisa isifunda se-gain yamanje ngaphakathi kwe-PIN photodiode futhi isebenzisa umphumela wayo wokuphindaphinda we-avalanche yangaphakathi. Lokhu kunikeza ama-photodetectors e-APD inzuzo ngaphezu kwama-PIN photodetectors ekutholeni izimpawu ezibuthakathaka, nge-gain yangaphakathi efika ezikhathini eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-100. Umgomo wokusebenza we-photodetector uyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwawo oluthile, kodwa umgomo wawo oyisisekelo we-photoelectric effect usebenza ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zama-photodetectors.
Njengengxenye eyinhloko yezinhlelo zesimanje ze-optoelectronic, ukusebenza kwama-photodetector kunquma ngqo ukunemba, ukuthembeka, kanye nokuzinza kohlelo lonke. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni efana nokuxhumana kwe-fiber optic, ukuqapha imvelo, ukuthwebula izithombe kwezokwelapha, ukuhlola kwezempi, ukuzenzekela kwezimboni, kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi, okunesibopho sokuguqula amasignali okukhanya abe amasignali kagesi alinganisekayo. Ngakho-ke, ukutholwa okuphelele nokunembile kwama-photodetector kubalulekile.