Ubuchwepheshe bokuthola i-photoelectric obuthuthukisiwe (Isitholi sesithombe se-Avalanche): Isahluko esisha ekwembuleni izimpawu zokukhanya ezibuthakathaka
Ocwaningweni lwesayensi, ukutholakala okunembile kwezibonakaliso zokukhanya ezibuthakathaka kuyisihluthulelo sokuvula amasimu amaningi esayensi. Muva nje, impumelelo entsha yocwaningo lwesayensi ilethe izinguquko ezinkulu ekutholakaleni kwezibonakaliso zokukhanya ezibuthakathaka.umshini wokuthola izithombe we-avalancheuchungechunge oluthuthukiswe yithimba locwaningo lwesayensi elaziwayo eShayina, ngokusebenza kwalo okuyingqayizivele kanye nezinzuzo zalo, luzovula isahluko esisha sokutholwa kwesignali yokukhanya okubuthakathaka.
Iqhwa elikhukhulaumshini wokuthola izithombeimikhiqizo yochungechunge, ngokwesimiso sokukhulisa iqhwaI-APD, ukukhulisa kuphindwe izikhathi eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-100 kune-PIN evamile ye-photoelectric deep detector, enozwela oluphezulu, umsindo ophansi, ukusebenza kahle kokuthola kanye nezinye izinzuzo ezibalulekile. Ukuvela kwalolu chungechunge lwemikhiqizo kuzosiza abacwaningi ukuthi bathole futhi bahlaziye kangcono izimpawu zokukhanya ezibuthakathaka, futhi kuthuthukise nokujula kocwaningo lwesayensi.
Izici eziyinhloko zalolu chungechunge lwemikhiqizo umsindo ophansi, inzuzo ephezulu kanye ne-optical fiber, izinketho zokuxhumanisa kwendawo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyindawo yelabhorethri noma indawo eyinkimbinkimbi yangaphandle, umkhiqizo ungafinyelela ukutholwa kwesignali ye-optical okunembile, unikeze ukwesekwa kwedatha okuthembekile kubacwaningi. Lobu buchwepheshe obusha abugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa kwesignali ye-optical, kodwa futhi kunciphisa umsindo okhiqizwa enkambisweni yokuthola futhi kuthuthukise ukunemba kokutholwa.
Ngokukhethekile, ububanzi be-spectra yokuphendula buhlanganisa i-300-1100nm kanye ne-800-1700nm, kanye nama-bandwidth e-3dB afinyelela ku-200MHz, 500MHz, 1GHz kanye ne-10GHz. Lezi zincazelo ezahlukahlukene kanye namapharamitha zenza umkhiqizo ukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo ezahlukene zocwaningo lwesayensi, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukutholwa kwesignali yokukhanya ebuthakathaka, ukutholwa kwesignali yokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kanye nokuxhumana kwe-quantum.
Kuhle ukusho ukuthi umkhiqizo une-photodiode ye-avalanche eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, isekethe yokukhulisa umsindo ophansi, isekethe yokukhulisa i-APD bias, kanye ne-wavelength yokuthola yonke imikhakha yemikhiqizo ihlanganisa i-300nm-1700nm. Lo mklamo wenza umkhiqizo ukwazi ukuthola ukuzwela okuphezulu, kodwa futhi unciphise ngempumelelo umsindo, uthuthukise ukunemba kokutholwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici zokuzikhethela ze-optical fiber kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwendawo kwenza umkhiqizo ukwazi ukuthola isignali enembile ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngamafuphi, ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sikhukhulaisitholi se-photoelectricUchungechunge ngokungangabazeki luyintuthuko enkulu kwezobuchwepheshe bokuthola i-photoelectric. Ukuvela kwalo mkhiqizo kunikeza ithuba elisha lokutholwa kwesignali yokukhanya okubuthakathaka emhlabeni jikelele. Silindele ukuthi lo mkhiqizo udlale indima enkulu ocwaningweni lwesayensi lwesikhathi esizayo, ukhuthaze intuthuko yesayensi, futhi ukhonze kangcono intuthuko yomphakathi wesintu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-07-2023