Iyingqayizivelei-laser esheshayoingxenye yesibili
Ukuhlakazeka nokusabalala kwenhliziyo: Ukulibaziseka kweqembu ukuhlakazeka
Enye yezinselelo ezinzima kakhulu zobuchwepheshe okuhlangatshezwane nazo lapho kusetshenziswa ama-laser asheshayo ukugcina ubude besikhathi se-ultra-short pulses ekhishwe ekuqalenilaser. I-Ultrafast pulses iyakwazi kakhulu ukuhlanekezelwa kwesikhathi, okwenza ama-pulses abe made. Lo mphumela uba mubi kakhulu njengoba ubude be-pulse yokuqala bufushane. Ngenkathi ama-laser asheshayo ekwazi ukukhipha ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngemizuzwana engama-50, angakhuliswa ngesikhathi ngokusebenzisa izibuko namalensi ukuze adlulisele ukushaya kwenhliziyo endaweni okuhlosiwe, noma nje adlulisele ukushaya kwenhliziyo emoyeni.
Lesi sikhathi ukuhlanekezela kulinganiswa kusetshenziswa isilinganiso esibizwa ngokuthi i-group delayed dispersion (GDD), eyaziwa nangokuthi ukusabalalisa kwe-second-order. Eqinisweni, kukhona namagama okuhlakazeka asezingeni eliphezulu angathinta ukusatshalaliswa kwesikhathi kwe-ultrafart-laser pulses, kodwa ekusebenzeni, ngokuvamile kwanele nje ukuhlola umphumela we-GDD. I-GDD iyinani elincike emazingeni avamile elilingana ngokomugqa nogqinsi lwento enikeziwe. Ama-optics okudlulisela afana nelensi, iwindi, kanye nezingxenye zenhloso ngokuvamile zinamanani amahle e-GDD, okubonisa ukuthi lapho ama-pulses ecindezelwe anganikeza ukukhanya kokudlulisela isikhathi eside kunalawo akhishwaamasistimu we-laser. Izingxenye ezinamaza aphansi (okungukuthi, ubude begagasi ende) zisakazeka ngokushesha kunezingxenye ezinamaza aphezulu (okungukuthi, ubude beza obufushane). Njengoba i-pulse idlula ezintweni eziningi, ubude be-waveleng ku-pulse buzoqhubeka nokunwebeka ngokuqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ubude besikhathi sokushaya kwenhliziyo emifushane, futhi ngenxa yalokho imingcele yomkhawulokudonsa obanzi, lo mphumela uba ihaba nakakhulu futhi ungaholela ekuhlanekeni okukhulu kwesikhathi sokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Izicelo ze-laser ezisheshayo
i-spectroscopy
Selokhu kwavela imithombo ye-laser esheshayo, i-spectroscopy ibe ngenye yezindawo zabo eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa. Ngokunciphisa ubude be-pulse kuya kuma-femtoseconds noma ama-attoseconds, izinqubo eziguquguqukayo ku-physics, chemistry kanye ne-biology ebezikade zingenakwenzeka ngokomlando ukuzibona manje zingafinyelelwa. Enye yezinqubo eziyinhloko ukunyakaza kwe-athomu, futhi ukubhekwa kokunyakaza kwe-athomu kuye kwathuthukisa ukuqonda kwesayensi kwezinqubo eziyisisekelo ezifana nokudlidliza kwamangqamuzana, ukuhlukana kwamangqamuzana kanye nokudluliswa kwamandla kumaprotheni e-photosynthetic.
i-bioimaging
Ama-laser anamandla aphezulu asekela izinqubo ezingaqondile futhi athuthukisa ukulungiswa kwesithombe sebhayoloji, njenge-multi-photon microscopy. Kusistimu yezithombe eziningi, ukuze kukhiqizwe isignali engaqondile kusuka kuthagethi yebhayoloji emaphakathi noma e-fluorescent, amaphothoni amabili kufanele anqwabelane esikhaleni nasesikhathini. Le nqubo engaqondile ithuthukisa ukuxazululwa kwesithombe ngokunciphisa kakhulu amasiginali we-fluorescence yangemuva ahlupha izifundo zezinqubo ze-single-photon. Ingemuva lesignali eyenziwe lula liyaboniswa. Indawo encane yenjabulo yesibonakhulu se-multiphoton iphinde ivimbele ubuthi bezithombe futhi inciphise umonakalo kusampula.
Umfanekiso 1: Isibonelo somdwebo wendlela ye-beam ekuhlolweni kwe-multi-photon microscope
I-Laser material processing
Imithombo ye-laser esheshayo iphinde yashintsha i-laser micromachining kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezinto ngenxa yendlela ehlukile lapho ama-ultrashort pulses asebenzisana ngayo nezinto. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lapho kuxoxwa nge-LDT, ubude be-pulse obusheshayo bushesha kunesilinganiso sesikhathi sokusabalalisa ukushisa ku-lattice yezinto. Ama-laser asheshayo akhiqiza indawo encane kakhulu ethinteke ukushisa kunei-nanosecond pulsed lasers, okuholela ekulahlekeni okuphansi kokusikela kanye nokwenza imishini enembe kakhudlwana. Lesi simiso sisebenza nasezinhlelweni zezokwelapha, lapho ukunemba okwenyukile kokusika kwe-ultrafart-laser kusiza ukunciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini ezizungezile futhi kuthuthukisa ulwazi lwesiguli ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa nge-laser.
I-Attosecond pulses: ikusasa lama-lasers asheshayo
Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka nokuqhubekisela phambili ama-lasers asheshayo, imithombo yokukhanya emisha nethuthukisiwe enobude be-pulse emifushane iyathuthukiswa. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda ngezinqubo zomzimba ezisheshayo, abacwaningi abaningi bagxile esizukulwaneni se-attosecond pulses - mayelana ne-10-18 s ebangeni elibi kakhulu le-ultraviolet (XUV) le-wavelength. I-Attosecond pulses ivumela ukulandelela ukunyakaza kwe-electron futhi kuthuthukise ukuqonda kwethu isakhiwo se-electronic kanye ne-quantum mechanics. Nakuba ukuhlanganiswa kwe-XUV attosecond lasers ezinqubweni zezimboni kungakenzi inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko kulo mkhakha cishe kuzobuphusha lobu buchwepheshe ngaphandle kwelebhu bubenzele ukukhiqiza, njengoba bekwenzeka nge-femtosecond ne-piccosecond.imithombo laser.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-25-2024