Umgomo kanye nesimo samanjeI-Avalanche PhotoDepector (I-PhotoDector ye-APD) Ingxenye emibili
2.2 I-APD Chip yesakhiwo
Isakhiwo se-chip enengqondo yisiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo samadivayisi okusebenza aphezulu. Umklamo wesakhiwo se-APD ikakhulukazi ubheka isikhathi se-RC isikhathi njalo, Hole Capture e-Hetewojuction, Isikhathi Sokuhamba Sokuhamba ngesifunda sokudangala nokunye. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo sayo kufingqiwe ngezansi:
(1) Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo
Isakhiwo se-APD elula kunazo zonke sisuselwa kwi-PIN Photodiode, isifunda sasePuni sabantu sase-P bese siboshwe kakhulu, futhi uhlobo lwe-N-Type Donbly-Repellant sethulwa esifundazweni sasePuapwini (n ukukhiqiza ama-amplions asemqoka. Ngezinto zokwelashwa ze-ITP, ngoba i-coeffication ye-couftization ye-hole Iofficial inkulu kakhulu kune-Electron Ithonya i-Ioffieflization Coeffrenty, indawo yokuthola usizo lwe-N-Type DOPOPING ivame ukubekwa esifundeni se-P. Esimweni esifanele, izimbobo kuphela ezijojwa esifundeni sezinto zokuthola usizo, ngakho-ke lesi sakhiwo sibizwa ngokuthi yisakhiwo esichithwa umgodi.
(2) ukumunca nokuzuza kuyahlukaniswa
Ngenxa yezimpawu ze-band band gap ye-INP (IPP ingu-1.35ev kanye ne-Ingaas yi-0.75EV), i-INP ivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinto zokuthola indawo yokungena.
(3) ukumunca, izakhiwo ze-gradient kanye nezakhiwo (sagm) zihlongozwa ngokulandelana
Njengamanje, amadivaysi amaningi e-APD athengiswayo asebenzisa impahla ye-INP / IMAAS, i-Ingaas njengongqimba lokumunca, i-INP ngaphansi kwenkundla ephezulu kagesi (> 5x105v / cm) ngaphandle kokudilizwa, ingasetshenziswa njengento yokuthola indawo. Kulokhu okuqukethwe, ukwakheka kwale APD ukuthi inqubo ye-avalanche yakhiwa ku-N-Type Inp ngokushayisana kwezimbobo. Uma kucatshangelwa umehluko omkhulu kwigebe le-band phakathi kwe-INP ne-Ingaas, umehluko wenqanaba lamandla e-Valence Band wenza izimbobo ezikhiqizwe engxenyeni ye-ITP Multiplier evinjelwe engxenyeni ye-INP Multiplier evinjelwe ngaphambi kokuthola umkhawulo we-appd. Le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngokungeza ungqimba lwenguquko ye-Ingaap phakathi kwezinto ezimbili.
(4) ukumunca, i-gradient, gradient, ukushaja kanye nezinzuzo (i-sagcm) izakhiwo zihlongozwa ngokulandelana
Ukuze uqhubeke nokulungisa ukusatshalaliswa kwensimu kagesi yesendlalelo somumo kanye nesendlalelo senzuzo, isendlalelo senkokhiso singeniswa emklamweni wedivaysi, ethuthukisa kakhulu ijubane ledivayisi nokuphendula.
(5) Umthengisi othuthukisiwe (rce) isakhiwo se-sagcm
Kulesi sakhiwo esiphezulu esiphezulu sabatholayo bendabuko, kufanele sibhekane neqiniso lokuthi ubukhulu bokufakwa kongqimba buyinto ephikisanayo yejubane ledivayisi nokusebenza kahle kwe-quantum. Ubukhulu obuncane bokuthathwa kwesendlalelo bunganciphisa isikhathi sokuhamba bethwala, ngakho-ke i-bandwidth enkulu ingatholwa. Kodwa-ke, ngasikhathi sinye, ukuze uthole ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum ephezulu, ungqimba lokutholwa kudinga ukuba nobukhulu obanele. Isixazululo sale nkinga singaba isakhiwo se-resonant cavity (RCE), okungukuthi, isibonisi esisatshalaliswa (i-DBR) senzelwe phansi nangaphezulu kwensiza. I-DBR Mirror iqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili zezinto zokwakha ezinenkomba ephansi evusayo kanye nenkomba esezingeni eliphezulu ekwakhiweni, futhi ezimbili zikhule ngokuhlukile, futhi ubukhulu besendlalelo ngakunye bahlangabezana nalesi sigameko se-semicenductor. Ukwakheka komtshina kungahlangabezana nezidingo zejubane, ukushuba kwesendlalelo sokwamukelwa kungenziwa mncane kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwe-elektroni kunyuswe ngemuva kokucabanga okuningana.
(6) Ukwakheka kwe-waveguide ephakathi nendawo (WG-APD)
Elinye ikhambi lokuxazulula ukuphikisana kwemiphumela ehlukene yokuqina kwesivinini sokutholwa kwesivinini sedivayisi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-quantum ukwethula ukwakheka kwe-waveGuide ehlanganisiwe. Lesi sakhiwo singena kukhanya sisuka ohlangothini, ngoba ungqimba lokutholwa mude kakhulu, kulula ukuthola ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum ephezulu, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, ungqimba lokumunca angenziwa mncane kakhulu, wehlisa isikhathi sokuhamba. Ngakho-ke, lesi sakhiwo sixazulula ukuncika okuhlukile kwe-bandwidth kanye nokusebenza kahle ekubumbeni kwesendlalelo somumo, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelelwe isilinganiso esiphakeme kanye ne-quatum esebenza kahle. Inqubo ye-WG-APD ilula kunaleyo ye-RCE APD, eqeda inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokulungiselela isibuko se-DBR. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ngokwengeziwe enkundleni engokoqobo futhi ilungele ukuxhumana okujwayelekile kwe-Plane Optical.
3. Isiphetho
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-avalancheI-PhotoDETETETETECETETETIzinto zokwakha namadivayisi kuyabuyekezwa. Amanani we-elektroni ne-hole ukushayisana kwezinto zokulinganisa ze-INP izinto ezisondelene nalezo ze-Inalas, eziholela kwinqubo ephindwe kabili yezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlobisa, okwenza isikhathi sokwakha esinqeni esiseduze nomsindo ukhuphukile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezihlanzekile ze-Inalas, i-IMAAS (P) / Inalas kanye (al) ama-Gaas / Inalas Quantum kahle izakhiwo zinokukhuphuka kwesilinganiso sokushayisana kwama-coxcimization, ngakho-ke ukusebenza komsindo kungashintshwa kakhulu. Ngokwesakhiwo, i-resomator ethuthukisiwe (i-RCE) yesakhiwo se-sagcm kanye nesakhiwo se-waveguide esiseceleni (i-WG-APD) yathuthukiswa ukuze kuxazululwe ukuphikisana kwemiphumela ehlukene yokuqina kwesivinini sedivayisi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-quantum. Ngenxa yobunzima benqubo, ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwalezi zinhlaka ezimbili kudinga ukuhlolwa.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-14-2023