I-ROF-AM 850nm i-lithium niobate optical intensity modulator isebenzisa inqubo ethuthukisiwe yokushintshanisa i-proton, enokulahlekelwa okuphansi kokufaka, umkhawulokudonsa wokumodareyitha okuphezulu, ugesi ophansi wamaza wamaza, nezinye izici, ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa uhlelo lokuxhumana olubonayo lwesikhala, isisekelo sesikhathi se-athomu ye-cesium. , amadivayisi akhiqiza i-pulse, i-quantum optics, nezinye izinkambu.