Ukuxhumana Okungenantambo Okubonakalayo (OWC) kuyindlela yokuxhumana okubonakalayo lapho amasignali adluliselwa khona kusetshenziswa ukukhanya okubonakalayo okungaqondiswa, okune-infrared (IR), noma okune-ultraviolet (UV).
Izinhlelo ze-OWC ezisebenza ngama-wavelength abonakalayo (390 — 750 nm) zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuxhumana kokukhanya okubonakalayo (VLC). Izinhlelo ze-VLC zisebenzisa ama-diode akhipha ukukhanya (ama-LED) futhi zingashaya ngesivinini esikhulu kakhulu ngaphandle kwemiphumela ebonakalayo ekukhanyeni nasekuboneni komuntu. I-VLC ingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi ezifaka phakathi i-LAN engenantambo, i-LAN yomuntu siqu engenantambo kanye nokuxhumana kwezimoto. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlelo ze-OWC ezisekelwe phansi, ezaziwa nangokuthi izinhlelo ze-free space optics (FSO), zisebenza kuma-frequency aseduze kwe-infrared (750 — 1600 nm). Lezi zinhlelo zivame ukusebenzisa ama-laser emitters futhi zinikeza izixhumanisi ezicacile zephrothokholi ezingabizi kakhulu ezinamazinga aphezulu edatha (okungukuthi i-10 Gbit/s ngobude be-wavelength) futhi zinikeza ikhambi elingaba khona kuma-bottlenecks e-backhaul. Intshisekelo yokuxhumana kwe-ultraviolet (UVC) nayo ikhula ngenxa yentuthuko yakamuva emithonjeni yokukhanya yesimo esiqinile/izitholi ezisebenza ku-UV spectrum engaboni ilanga (200 — 280 nm). Kulokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-deep ultraviolet band, imisebe yelanga ayinakwa ezingeni lomhlabathi, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuklama umshini wokubala ama-photon one-wide-field receiver okwandisa amandla atholakele ngaphandle kokwengeza umsindo owengeziwe wangemuva.
Sekungamashumi eminyaka, intshisekelo yokuxhumana okungenantambo kwe-optical ibilokhu ikhawulelwe ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zempi eziyimfihlo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zasemkhathini okuhlanganisa izixhumanisi ze-intersatellite kanye ne-deep space. Kuze kube manje, ukungena kwemakethe enkulu ye-OWC bekulinganiselwe, kodwa i-IrDA iyisisombululo sokudlulisa i-wireless short-range esiphumelela kakhulu.
Kusukela ekuxhumekeni kwe-optical kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe kuya ezixhumanisini zokwakha zangaphandle kuya ekuxhumaneni kwesathelayithi, izinhlobo zokuxhumana ezingenantambo ze-optical zingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhumana.
Ukuxhumana okungenantambo kwe-optical kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinhlanu ngokuya ngebanga lokudlulisela:
1. Amabanga amafushane kakhulu
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-chip kumaphakheji ama-chip amaningi ahlanganisiwe futhi ahlanganiswe kahle.
2. Amabanga amafushane
Ku-IEEE 802.15.7 ejwayelekile, ukuxhumana ngaphansi kwamanzi ngaphansi kwe-wireless Body Local Area Network (WBAN) kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-wireless Personal Local Area Network (WPAN).
3. Ibanga eliphakathi nendawo
Ukuxhumana kwe-IR yangaphakathi kanye nokukhanya okubonakalayo (i-VLC) kwamanethiwekhi endawo angenantambo (ama-WLan) kanye nokuxhumana phakathi kwemoto nemoto kanye nokuxhumana phakathi kwemoto nengqalasizinda.
Isinyathelo 4: Ukude
Ukuxhumana kwe-interbuilding, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuxhumana kwe-optical yesikhala samahhala (i-FSO).
5. Ibanga elengeziwe
Ukuxhumana nge-laser emkhathini, ikakhulukazi ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-satellite kanye nokusungulwa kwama-satellite starts.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-01-2023