I-Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) iwuhlobo lokuxhumana optical lapho amasignali asakazwa kusetshenziswa ukukhanya okungabonisiwe okubonakalayo, kwe-infrared (IR), noma i-ultraviolet (UV).
Amasistimu we-OWC asebenza kumaza abonakalayo (390 — 750 nm) avame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuxhumana kokukhanya okubonakalayo (VLC). Amasistimu e-VLC asebenzisa ama-diode akhipha ukukhanya (ama-led) futhi angashaya ngesivinini esiphezulu ngaphandle kwemiphumela ebonakalayo ekuphumeni kokukhanya neso lomuntu. I-VLC ingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanganisa i-LAN engenantambo, i-LAN yomuntu siqu engenantambo kanye nokuxhumana kwezimoto. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasistimu we-point-to-point OWC asekelwe phansi, aziwa nangokuthi amasistimu we-free space Optics (FSO), asebenza kumafrikhwensi aseduze ne-infrared (750 — 1600 nm). Lezi zinhlelo ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izikhithi ze-laser futhi zinikeza izixhumanisi ezibonakalayo zephrothokholi engabizi ezinamanani aphezulu wedatha (okungukuthi 10 Gbit/s ngobude begagasi ngalinye) futhi zinikeza isixazululo esingaba khona sokubuyisela emuva amabhodlela. Intshisekelo yokuxhumana nge-ultraviolet (UVC) nayo iyakhula ngenxa yentuthuko yakamuva emithonjeni yokukhanya yesimo esiqinile/izithonjana ezisebenza ku-UV spectrum eyimpumputhe elangeni (200 — 280 nm). Kuleli bhendi ebizwa ngokuthi i-ultraviolet ejulile, imisebe yelanga ayinakeki ezingeni eliphansi, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuklanywa komtshina wokubala we-photon onesamukeli senkundla ebanzi esandisa amandla atholiwe ngaphandle kokwengeza umsindo wangemuva owengeziwe.
Emashumini eminyaka, intshisekelo yokuxhumana okungenantambo ibikhawulelwe ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zezempi eziyimfihlo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zasemkhathini ezihlanganisa i-intersatellite kanye nezixhumanisi zesikhala esijulile. Kuze kube manje, ukungena kwemakethe enkulu ye-OWC kunqunyelwe, kodwa i-IrDA iyisisombululo esiphumelele kakhulu esingenantambo sokudlulisa ibanga elifushane.
Kusukela ekuxhumaneni okubonakalayo kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe kuya kuzixhumanisi ze-outbuilding yangaphandle kuya kwezokuxhumana ngesathelayithi, okuhlukile kokuxhumana okungenantambo okubonakalayo kungasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi zokuxhumana.
Ukuxhumana okungenantambo okubonakalayo kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinhlanu ngokuya ngebanga lokudlulisela:
1. Amabanga amafushane kakhulu
Ukuxhumana kwe-Interchip kumaphakheji e-multi-chip astakiwe futhi ahlanganiswe ngokuqinile.
2. Amabanga amafushane
Ku-IEEE 802.15.7 evamile, ukuxhumana ngaphansi kwamanzi ngaphansi kwe-wireless Body Local Area Network (WBAN) kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingenazintambo Personal Personal Area Network (WPAN).
3. Ibanga eliphakathi
I-IR yangaphakathi kanye nokuxhumana kokukhanya okubonakalayo (VLC) kwamanethiwekhi endawo angenawaya (i-WLans) kanye nokuxhumana kwemoto kuya emotweni kanye nokuxhumana kwengqalasizinda.
Isinyathelo sesi-4: Isilawuli kude
Ukuxhumana kwe-Interbuilding, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-free space optical communication (FSO).
5. Ibanga elengeziwe
Ukuxhumana nge-laser emkhathini, ikakhulukazi izixhumanisi phakathi kwamasathelayithi kanye nokusungulwa kwezinkanyezi zesathelayithi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-01-2023