Iyini i-laser cryogenic

Umqondo wama-lasers osebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi awumusha: i-laser yesibili emlandweni yayiyi-cryogenic. Ekuqaleni, lo mqondo wawunzima ukufeza ukusebenza kwegumbi lokushisa, futhi umdlandla womsebenzi wezinga lokushisa eliphansi waqala ngawo-1990 ngokuthuthukiswa kwama-lasers anamandla amakhulu nama-amplifiers.

Emandleni aphezuluimithombo laser, imiphumela eshisayo efana nokulahleka kwe-depolarization, ilensi eshisayo noma i-laser crystal bending ingathinta ukusebenza kwe-umthombo wokukhanya. Ngokupholisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi, imiphumela eminingi eyingozi yokushisa ingacindezelwa ngokuphumelelayo, okungukuthi, i-revenue medium idinga ukupholiswa ibe ngu-77K noma i-4K. Umthelela wokupholisa ngokuyinhloko uhlanganisa:

I-conductivity yesici se- gain medium ivinjwe kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngoba indlela yamahhala yentambo iyanda. Ngenxa yalokho, izinga lokushisa lehla kakhulu. Isibonelo, lapho izinga lokushisa lehliswa lisuka ku-300K liye ku-77K, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa kwekristalu ye-YAG kukhuphuka ngesici esiyisikhombisa.

I-coefficient yokusabalalisa okushisayo nayo yehla kakhulu. Lokhu, kanye nokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa, kubangela ukuncipha komphumela welensi yokushisa futhi ngenxa yalokho kuncipha amathuba okugqashuka kwengcindezi.

I-coefficient ye-thermo-optical nayo iyancishiswa, inciphisa nakakhulu umphumela welensi eshisayo.

Ukwanda kwesigaba esiphambanayo sokumuncwa kwe-ion yomhlaba engavamile ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuncipha kokunwebeka okubangelwa umphumela wokushisa. Ngakho-ke, amandla okugcwalisa ayancipha futhi inzuzo ye-laser iyanda. Ngakho-ke, amandla epompo yomngcele ancishisiwe, futhi ama-pulse amafushane angatholakala lapho iswishi ye-Q isebenza. Ngokwandisa ukudluliswa kwe-coupler ephumayo, ukusebenza kahle kwemithambeka kungathuthukiswa, ngakho umphumela wokulahleka kwe-parasitic cavity uba ungabalulekile kangako.

Inombolo yezinhlayiyana yenani eliphansi lezinga eliphansi le-quasi-three-level gain medium liyancishiswa, ngakho-ke amandla okumpompa umkhawulo ayancipha futhi ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kuyathuthukiswa. Isibonelo, i-Yb:YAG, ekhiqiza ukukhanya ku-1030nm, ingabonakala njengesistimu yezinga le-quasi-three-level ekamelweni lokushisa, kodwa isistimu yamazinga amane ku-77K. Er: Kuyafana naku-YAG.

Ngokuya ngendlela yokuzuza, ukushuba kwezinye izinqubo zokucisha kuzoncishiswa.

Kuhlanganiswe nezici ezingenhla, ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-laser. Ikakhulukazi, ama-lasers okupholisa okushisa aphansi angathola amandla aphezulu kakhulu okukhipha ngaphandle kwemiphumela eshisayo, okungukuthi, ikhwalithi enhle ye-boam ingatholakala.

Udaba olulodwa okufanele lucatshangelwe ukuthi kwikristalu ye-laser cryocooled, umkhawulokudonsa wokukhanya okukhazimulayo kanye nokukhanya okumuncwa kuzoncishiswa, ngakho ububanzi bokushuna be-wavelength buzoba buncane, futhi ububanzi bomugqa nokuzinza kwe-wavelength ye-laser epompowe kuzoqina kakhulu. . Nokho, lo mphumela ngokuvamile awuvamile.

Ukupholisa i-Cryogenic ngokuvamile kusebenzisa isipholile, njenge-nitrogen ewuketshezi noma i-helium ewuketshezi, futhi ngokufanelekile isiqandisi sizungeza ngeshubhu elixhunywe kukristalu lwe-laser. Isipholile sigcwaliswa ngesikhathi noma sigaywe kabusha ngeluphu evaliwe. Ukuze ugweme ukuqiniswa, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukubeka ikristalu ye-laser ekamelweni le-vacuum.

Umqondo wamakristalu e-laser asebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi nawo ungasetshenziswa kuma-amplifiers. I-Titanium sapphire ingasetshenziswa ukwenza isikhulisi sempendulo evumayo, amandla okukhiphayo amaphakathi kumashumi ama-watts.

Nakuba amadivaysi okupholisa ama-cryogenic angaba nzimaamasistimu we-laser, izinhlelo zokupholisa ezivame kakhulu ngokuvamile azilula kangako, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa i-cryogenic kuvumela ukuncishiswa okuthile kobunzima.