Iyini i-laser ye-cryogenic

Umqondo wama-laser asebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi awumusha: i-laser yesibili emlandweni yayi-cryogenic. Ekuqaleni, lo mqondo wawunzima ukufeza ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa legumbi, futhi intshiseko yomsebenzi wokushisa okuphansi yaqala ngawo-1990 ngokuthuthukiswa kwama-laser anamandla amakhulu nama-amplifier.

Ngamandla aphezuluimithombo ye-laser, imiphumela yokushisa njengokulahlekelwa yi-depolarization, ilensi yokushisa noma ukugoba kwekristalu ye-laser kungathinta ukusebenza kweumthombo wokukhanyaNgokuphola okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa, imiphumela eminingi eyingozi yokushisa ingacindezelwa ngempumelelo, okungukuthi, i-gain medium idinga ukuphola ibe yi-77K noma ngisho ne-4K. Umphumela wokupholisa uhlanganisa ikakhulukazi:

Ukuguquguquka kwesimo se-gain medium kuvinjelwe kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngoba indlela ekhululekile yentambo iyanda. Ngenxa yalokho, i-gradient yokushisa yehla kakhulu. Isibonelo, lapho izinga lokushisa lehla kusuka ku-300K kuya ku-77K, ukuguquguquka kokushisa kwekristalu ye-YAG kuyanda ngesilinganiso sesikhombisa.

I-coefficient yokusabalalisa ukushisa nayo yehla kakhulu. Lokhu, kanye nokwehla kwe-gradient yokushisa, kuholela ekunciphiseni komphumela we-lensing yokushisa futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise amathuba okuqhuma kokucindezeleka.

I-thermo-optical coefficient nayo iyancipha, okunciphisa kakhulu umphumela welensi yokushisa.

Ukwanda kwesigaba sokumuncwa kwe-ion yomhlaba engavamile kungenxa yokwehla kokwanda okubangelwa umphumela wokushisa. Ngakho-ke, amandla okugcwala ayancipha futhi inzuzo ye-laser iyakhuphuka. Ngakho-ke, amandla ephampu yomkhawulo ayancishiswa, futhi ama-pulse amafushane angatholakala lapho i-Q switch isebenza. Ngokwandisa ukudluliselwa kwe-output coupler, ukusebenza kahle kwe-slope kungathuthukiswa, ngakho-ke umphumela wokulahlekelwa yi-parasitic cavity uba yinto engabalulekile kangako.

Inombolo yezinhlayiya zezinga eliphansi eliphelele le-quasi-three-level gain medium incishisiwe, ngakho-ke amandla okupompa aphansi ancishisiwe futhi ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kuthuthukisiwe. Isibonelo, i-Yb:YAG, ekhiqiza ukukhanya ku-1030nm, ingabonakala njengohlelo lwezinga eli-quasi-three ekushiseni kwegumbi, kodwa uhlelo lwezinga ezine ku-77K. Er: Kunjalo nange-YAG.

Kuye ngokuthi i-gain medium ingakanani, ukuqina kwezinye izinqubo zokucima kuzoncishiswa.

Uma kuhlanganiswa nezici ezingenhla, ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-laser. Ikakhulukazi, ama-laser okupholisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi angathola amandla aphezulu okukhipha ngaphandle kwemiphumela yokushisa, okungukuthi, ikhwalithi enhle yemisebe ingatholakala.

Inkinga eyodwa okufanele icatshangelwe ukuthi kukristalu ye-laser ecijile, ububanzi bokukhanya okukhanyisiwe kanye nokukhanya okumuncwayo kuzoncishiswa, ngakho-ke ububanzi bokuhlela ubude be-wavelength buzoba buncane, futhi ububanzi bomugqa kanye nokuqina kobude be-wavelength ye-laser epompiwe kuzoba nzima kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lo mphumela uvame ukungabi vamile.

Ukupholisa kwe-cryogenic kuvame ukusebenzisa i-coolant, njenge-nitrogen ewuketshezi noma i-helium ewuketshezi, futhi ngokufanelekile i-refrigerant ijikeleza ngepayipi elixhunywe kwi-crystal ye-laser. I-coolant igcwaliswa kabusha ngesikhathi noma isetshenziswe kabusha ngendlela evaliwe. Ukuze kugwenywe ukuqina, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukubeka i-crystal ye-laser ekamelweni le-vacuum.

Umqondo wamakristalu e-laser asebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi ungasetshenziswa futhi kuma-amplifier. I-Titanium Sapphire ingasetshenziswa ukwenza i-amplifier yempendulo enhle, amandla okukhipha ajwayelekile ngama-watts angamashumi.

Nakuba amadivayisi okupholisa e-cryogenic angenza kube nzimaizinhlelo ze-laser, izinhlelo zokupholisa ezivame kakhulu azilula kangako, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa okubangelwa yi-cryogenic kuvumela ukunciphisa ubunzima.