Indima yefilimu encane ye-lithium niobate ku-electro-optic modulator

Indima yefilimu encane ye-lithium niobate kui-electro-optic modulator
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwemboni kuze kube manje, amandla okuxhumana nge-single fiber akhuphuke ngezigidi zezikhathi, kanti inani elincane locwaningo lwakamuva lidlule amashumi ezigidi zezikhathi. I-Lithium niobate idlale indima enkulu phakathi kwemboni yethu. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuxhumana nge-optical fiber, ukuguqulwa kwesignali ye-optical kwakulungiswa ngqo ku-i-laser. Le ndlela yokushintshashintsha iyamukeleka ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ze-bandwidth ephansi noma zebanga elifushane. Ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ze-modulation ezinesivinini esikhulu kanye nebanga elide, ngeke kube khona i-bandwidth eyanele futhi isiteshi sokudlulisa sibiza kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nezinhlelo zokusebenza zebanga elide.
Phakathi kokuxhumana nge-optical fiber, ukuguqulwa kwesignali kuyashesha futhi kuyashesha ukuhlangabezana nokwanda komthamo wokuxhumana, futhi imodi yokuguqulwa kwesignali ye-optical iqala ukuhlukana, futhi izindlela ezahlukene zokuguqulwa zisetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwenethiwekhi yebanga elifushane kanye nenethiwekhi yebanga elide. Ukuguqulwa okuqondile okungabizi kakhulu kusetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwenethiwekhi yebanga elifushane, futhi "i-electro-optic modulator" ehlukile isetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwenethiwekhi yebanga elide, ehlukaniswe ne-laser.
I-Electro-optic modulator isebenzisa isakhiwo sokuphazamiseka kwe-Machzender ukuze ilawule isignali, ukukhanya kuyi-electromagnetic wave, ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic wave okuzinzile kudinga imvamisa yokulawula okuzinzile, isigaba kanye ne-polarization. Sivame ukusho igama, elibizwa ngokuthi ama-interference fringes, ama-light and dark fringes, indawo ekhanyayo lapho ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kuthuthukiswa khona, ubumnyama yindawo lapho ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kubangela khona ukuba buthakathaka kwamandla. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Mahzender uhlobo lwe-interferometer enesakhiwo esikhethekile, okuwumphumela wokuphazamiseka olawulwa ngokulawula isigaba somsebe ofanayo ngemva kokuhlukanisa umsebe. Ngamanye amazwi, umphumela wokuphazamiseka ungalawulwa ngokulawula isigaba sokuphazamiseka.
I-Lithium niobate le nto isetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni nge-optical fiber, okungukuthi, ingasebenzisa izinga le-voltage (isignali kagesi) ukulawula isigaba sokukhanya, ukufeza ukuguqulwa kwesignali yokukhanya, okuwubudlelwano phakathi kwe-electro-optical modulator kanye ne-lithium niobate. I-modulator yethu ibizwa ngokuthi i-electro-optic modulator, okudingeka icabangela kokubili ubuqotho besignali kagesi kanye nekhwalithi yokuguqulwa kwesignali yokukhanya. Umthamo wesignali kagesi we-indium phosphide kanye ne-silicon photonics ungcono kunowe-lithium niobate, futhi umthamo wesignali yokukhanya ubuthakathaka kancane kodwa ungasetshenziswa futhi, okudala indlela entsha yokubamba ithuba lemakethe.
Ngaphezu kwezakhiwo zazo zikagesi ezinhle kakhulu, i-indium phosphide kanye ne-silicon photonics zinezinzuzo ze-miniaturization kanye nokuhlanganiswa okungenalo i-lithium niobate. I-Indium phosphide incane kune-lithium niobate futhi inezinga eliphezulu lokuhlanganiswa, kanti ama-silicon photon mancane kune-indium phosphide futhi anezinga eliphezulu lokuhlanganiswa. Ikhanda le-lithium niobate njenge-i-modulatorubude bayo buphindwe kabili kune-indium phosphide, futhi ingaba yi-modulator kuphela futhi ayikwazi ukuhlanganisa eminye imisebenzi.
Njengamanje, i-electro-optical modulator isingene enkathini yesilinganiso sezimpawu eziyizigidigidi eziyi-100, (i-128G iyizigidigidi eziyi-128), kanti i-lithium niobate iphinde yalwa ukuze ihlanganyele emncintiswaneni, futhi inethemba lokuhola le nkathi maduze nje, ihola ekungeneni emakethe yesilinganiso sezimpawu eziyizigidigidi ezingama-250. Ukuze i-lithium niobate iphinde ibambe le makethe, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya ukuthi i-indium phosphide kanye ne-silicon photons zinani, kodwa i-lithium niobate ayinayo. Lokho ikhono likagesi, ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu, kanye nokunciphisa amandla.
Ushintsho lwe-lithium niobate lulele ema-engeli amathathu, i-engeli yokuqala iyindlela yokuthuthukisa ikhono likagesi, i-engeli yesibili iyindlela yokuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa, kanti i-engeli yesithathu iyindlela yokwenza kube lula. Isixazululo salezi engeli ezintathu zobuchwepheshe sidinga isenzo esisodwa kuphela, okungukuthi, ukufiphaza izinto ze-lithium niobate, ukukhipha ungqimba oluncane kakhulu lwezinto ze-lithium niobate njengesiqondiso se-optical wave, ungaklama kabusha i-electrode, uthuthukise amandla kagesi, uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-bandwidth kanye nokuguquguquka kwesignali kagesi. Thuthukisa ikhono likagesi. Le filimu ingaxhunywa futhi ku-silicon wafer, ukuze kufezwe ukuhlanganiswa okuxubile, i-lithium niobate njenge-modulator, okunye ukuhlanganiswa kwe-silicon photon, ikhono le-silicon photon miniaturization lisobala kubo bonke, ifilimu ye-lithium niobate kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuxubile kokukhanya kwe-silicon, ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa, ukwenziwa okuncane okuzuzwe ngokwemvelo.
Maduze nje, i-electro-optical modulator isizongena enkathini yesilinganiso sezimpawu eziyizigidigidi ezingama-200, ukungahleleki kokukhanya kwe-indium phosphide kanye ne-silicon photons kuya ngokuya kusobala, futhi inzuzo yokukhanya ye-lithium niobate iya ngokuya ivelela, kanti ifilimu encane ye-lithium niobate ithuthukisa ukungahleleki kwale nto njenge-modulator, futhi imboni igxile kule "filimu encane ye-lithium niobate", okungukuthi, ifilimu encane.i-modulator ye-lithium niobateLena indima ye-thin film lithium niobate emkhakheni wama-modulators e-electro-optical.