Isithwebuli sesithombe esisodwa se-InGaAs

I-photon eyodwaIsithwebuli sezithombe se-InGaAs

Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwe-LiDAR, iukutholwa kokukhanyaubuchwepheshe kanye nobuchwepheshe be-range obusetshenziselwa ubuchwepheshe be-imaging bokulandela umkhondo wezimoto bubuye bube nezidingo eziphakeme, ukuzwela nokuxazululwa kwesikhathi komtshina osetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokutholwa kokukhanya okuphansi akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zangempela. I-photon eyodwa iyunithi yamandla encane kakhulu yokukhanya, futhi umtshina onekhono lokutholwa kwe-photon eyodwa iyithuluzi lokugcina lokutholwa kokukhanya okuphansi. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-InGaAsI-APD photodetector, izitholi ze-photon eyodwa ezisekelwe ku-InGaAs APD photodetector zinesivinini sokuphendula esiphezulu, ukuzwela nokusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, uchungechunge locwaningo nge-IN-GAAS APD photodetector single photon detector lwenziwe ekhaya naphesheya.

Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseMilan e-Italy baqale benza imodeli enezinhlangothi ezimbili ukuze balingise ukuziphatha kwesikhashana kwe-photon eyodwa.i-avalanche photodetectorngo-1997, futhi yanikeza imiphumela yokulingisa izinombolo yezimpawu zesikhashana ze-photon avalanche photodetector eyodwa. Kwathi ngo-2006, abacwaningi basebenzisa i-MOCVD ukuze balungiselele i-geometric ehleliweInGaAs APD photodetectorisitholi esisodwa se-photon, esikhulise ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa kwe-photon eyodwa kuya ku-10% ngokunciphisa isendlalelo esikhanyayo nokuthuthukisa inkambu kagesi kusixhumi esibonakalayo esihlukahlukene. Ngo-2014, ngokuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa izimo zokusabalaliswa kwe-zinc nokuthuthukisa isakhiwo esime mpo, umtshina wesithombe esisodwa unekhono eliphezulu lokubona, kufika ku-30%, futhi uzuza i-jitter yesikhathi engaba ngu-87 ps. Ngo-2016, i-SANZARO M et al. ihlanganise umtshina wesithombe se-InGaAs APD one-photon eyodwa ene-monolithic resistor edidiyelwe, yaklama imojula yokubala ehlangene ye-photon eyodwa esekelwe kumtshina, futhi yahlongoza indlela yokucisha eyingxube eyehlisa kakhulu ukushaja kwe-avalanche, ngaleyo ndlela yehlisa i-post-pulse kanye ne-optical crosstalk, futhi ukunciphisa isikhathi jitter ukuze 70 ps. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanye amaqembu ocwaningo nawo enze ucwaningo nge-InGaAs APDi-photodetectorumtshina we-photon owodwa. Isibonelo, i-Princeton Lightwave iklame i-InGaAs/InPAPD umtshina owodwa we-photon onesakhiwo se-planar futhi yawufaka ekusetshenzisweni kwezentengiso. I-Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics ihlole ukusebenza kwesithombe esisodwa kwesithombe se-APD kusetshenziswa ukukhishwa kwediphozithi ye-zinc kanye nemodi ye-capacitive elinganiselayo yokushaya kwesango ngenani elimnyama elingu-3.6 × 10 ⁻⁴/ns ishayela ngemvamisa yokushaya okungu-1.5 MHz. UJoseph P et al. idizayine isakhiwo se-mesa i-InGaAs APD isithwebuli sesithombe esisodwa esine-bandgap ebanzi, yaphinde yasebenzisa i-InGaAsP njengosendlalelo esimuncayo ukuze kutholwe ukubala okumnyama okuphansi ngaphandle kokuthikameze ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa.

Imodi yokusebenza ye-InGaAs APD photodetector single photon detector iyimodi yokusebenza yamahhala, okungukuthi, isithwebuli sesithombe se-APD sidinga ukucisha isifunda se-peripheral ngemva kokwenzeka kwe-avalanche, futhi silulame ngemva kokucisha isikhathi esithile. Ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wesikhathi sokulibaziseka sokucisha, cishe sihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: Eyodwa iwukusebenzisa i- passive pass noma i-active quenching circuit ukuze kufinyelelwe ekucimeni, njengesekhethi yokucisha esebenzayo esetshenziswa i-R Thew, njll. Umfanekiso (a) , (b) iwumdwebo owenziwe lula wesilawuli se-elekthronikhi kanye nesekethe yokucisha esebenzayo kanye nokuxhumana kwayo ne-APD photodetector, eye yathuthukiswa ukuze isebenze kumodi yokugijima enesango noma yamahhala, enciphisa ngokuphawulekayo inkinga yangaphambilini yangemva kokushaya ishayela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kahle kokubona ku-1550 nm kungu-10%, futhi amathuba okuba i-post-pulse ancishiswe abe ngaphansi kuka-1%. Okwesibili ukubona ukucisha okusheshayo nokululama ngokulawula izinga le-voltage echema. Njengoba kungancikile ekulawuleni impendulo ye-avalanche pulse, isikhathi sokulibaziseka sokucisha sincipha kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa komtshina kuyathuthukiswa. Isibonelo, u-LC Comandar et al sebenzisa imodi yesango. Kulungiswe umtshina wesithombe esisodwa osesangweni osuselwe ku-InGaAs/InPAPD. Ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa kwe-photon eyodwa bekungaphezu kuka-55% ku-1550 nm, kanye namathuba we-post-pulse angu-7% afinyelelwe. Ngalesi sisekelo, iNyuvesi Yesayensi Nobuchwepheshe yaseShayina yasungula uhlelo lwe-liDAR olusebenzisa i-fiber enemodi eminingi kanye kanye ehambisana nomtshina wesithombe we-InGaAs APD onemodi yamahhala. Imishini yokuhlola ikhonjiswe kuMfanekiso (c) no-(d), futhi ukutholwa kwamafu anezingqimba eziningi anobude obuyi-12 km kutholwa ngokulungiswa kwesikhathi se-1 s kanye nokulungiswa kwendawo okungamamitha ayi-15.