Izithombe ze-siliconizingxenye ze-passive
Kunezingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokungenzi lutho kuma-silicon photonics. Enye yalezi i-coupler yokugaya ephuma phezulu, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1A. Iqukethe i-grating eqinile ku-waveguide isikhathi sayo esicishe silingane nobude begagasi lokukhanya ku-waveguide. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhanya ukuthi kukhishwe noma kwamukelwe ngendlela ebheke phezulu, kuyenze ilungele izilinganiso zeleveli ye-wafer kanye/noma ihlanganiswe nefayibha. Ama-couplers e-grating ahlukile ngandlela thile kuma-silicon photonics ngoba adinga ukugqama okuphezulu okume mpo kwenkomba. Isibonelo, uma uzama ukwenza i-coupler ye-grating ku-waveguide ye-InP evamile, ukukhanya kuphumela ngokuqondile ku-substrate esikhundleni sokukhishwa kuqonde ngoba i-waveguide ye-grating inenkomba ye-refractive emaphakathi ephansi kune-substrate. Ukuze isebenze ku-InP, impahla kumele imbiwe ngaphansi kwegridi ukuze imiswe, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1B.
Umfanekiso 1: amapheya aphuma phezulu anohlangothi olulodwa ku-silicon (A) naku-InP (B). Ku-(A), okumpunga nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhanyayo kumelela i-silicon ne-silica, ngokulandelana. Ku-(B), okubomvu nokuwolintshi kumelela i-InGaAsP ne-InP, ngokulandelanayo. Izibalo (C) kanye no-(D) ziyizithombe ze-electron microscope (SEM) zokuskena ze-InP emiswe okwesikhashana ye-cantilever grating coupler.
Enye ingxenye eyinhloko yi-spot-size converter (SSC) phakathi kwe-i-optical waveguidekanye ne-fiber, eguqula imodi engaba ngu-0.5 × 1 μm2 ku-silicon waveguide ibe imodi engaba ngu-10 × 10 μm2 ku-fiber. Indlela ejwayelekile iwukusebenzisa isakhiwo esibizwa ngokuthi i-inverse taper, lapho i-waveguide incipha kancane ibe ithiphu elincane, okuholela ekwandeni okukhulu kwe-waveguide.opticalipheshana lemodi. Le modi ingathwetshulwa i-waveguide yengilazi emisiwe, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2. Nge-SSC enjalo, ukulahlekelwa kokuhlanganisa okungaphansi kuka-1.5dB kufinyelelwa kalula.
Umfanekiso 2: Isiguquli sikasayizi wephethini wamagagasi e-silicon wire waveguides. Izinto ze-silicon zakha ukwakheka kwekhonikholi ephambene ngaphakathi kwe-waveguide yengilazi emisiwe. I-silicon substrate iqoshwe ngaphansi kwe-waveguide yengilazi emisiwe.
Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-passive i-polarization beam splitter. Ezinye izibonelo zezihlukanisi ze-polarization ziboniswa kuMfanekiso 3. Eyokuqala i-Mach-Zender interferometer (MZI), lapho ingalo ngayinye ine-birefringence ehlukile. Eyesibili i-coupler elula yokuqondisa. I-birefringence yomumo we-silicon wire waveguide iphezulu kakhulu, ngakho ukukhanya okukhazimulayo kazibuthe (TM) okuphambene kungahlanganiswa ngokugcwele, kuyilapho ukukhanya kwe-polarized kagesi okuphambene (TE) kungase kucishe kuhlanganiswe. Okwesithathu i-coupler yokugaya, lapho i-fiber ibekwe e-Engeli ukuze ukukhanya kwe-TE kuhlanganiswe ohlangothini olulodwa futhi ukukhanya kwe-TM kwe-polarized kuhlanganiswe kwenye. Eyesine i-coupler ye-grating enezinhlangothi ezimbili. Izinhlobo zefibre amasimu azo kagesi ancikene nesiqondiso sokusakazeka kwe-waveguide ahlanganiswe ne-waveguide ehambisanayo. I-fiber ingatsheka futhi ihlanganiswe namagagasi amabili, noma i-perpendicular phezulu futhi ihlanganiswe namagagasi amane. Inzuzo eyengeziwe yama-couplers e-grating anezinhlangothi ezimbili ukuthi asebenza njengama-rotator e-polarization, okusho ukuthi konke ukukhanya ku-chip kunokwakheka okufanayo, kodwa ama-orthogonal polarizations amabili asetshenziswa ku-fiber.
Umfanekiso 3: Izihlukanisi eziningi ze-polarization.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-16-2024