Ama-photonic e-siliconizingxenye ezingasebenzi
Kunezingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile ezingasebenzi ku-silicon photonics. Enye yalezi yi-surface-emitting grating coupler, njengoba kuboniswe ku-Figure 1A. Yakhiwe yi-grating eqinile ku-waveguide enesikhathi esilingana nobude begagasi lokukhanya ku-waveguide. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhanya ukuthi kukhishwe noma kutholwe kuqondile ebusweni, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ekulinganisweni kwezinga le-wafer kanye/noma ukuxhuma ku-fiber. Ama-grating couplers ahlukile kancane kuma-silicon photonics ngoba adinga umehluko we-index ophezulu oqondile. Isibonelo, uma uzama ukwenza i-grating coupler ku-waveguide evamile ye-InP, ukukhanya kuvuza ngqo ku-substrate esikhundleni sokukhishwa kuqonde ngoba i-grating waveguide ine-average refractive index ephansi kune-substrate. Ukuze isebenze ku-InP, izinto kumele zimbiwe ngaphansi kwe-grating ukuze zimiswe, njengoba kuboniswe ku-Figure 1B.
Isithombe 1: izihlanganisi zegrating ezikhipha ubuso obunobukhulu obubodwa ku-silicon (A) kanye ne-InP (B). Ku-(A), okumpunga nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhanyayo kumelela i-silicon kanye ne-silica, ngokulandelana. Ku-(B), obomvu kanye no-orenji kumelela i-InGaAsP kanye ne-InP, ngokulandelana. Izibalo (C) kanye no-(D) ziyizithombe ze-scanning electron microscope (SEM) ze-InP suspended cantilever grating coupler.
Esinye isici esibalulekile yi-spot-size converter (SSC) phakathi kwe-umhlahlandlela wamaza obonakalayokanye ne-fiber, eguqula imodi engaba ngu-0.5 × 1 μm2 ku-silicon waveguide ibe yimodi engaba ngu-10 × 10 μm2 ku-fiber. Indlela evamile ukusebenzisa isakhiwo esibizwa ngokuthi i-inverse taper, lapho i-waveguide incipha kancane kancane ibe yi-tip encane, okuholela ekwandeni okukhulu kwe-ukukhanyai-patch yemodi. Le modi ingabanjwa yi-waveguide yengilazi elengayo, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2. Nge-SSC enjalo, ukulahlekelwa kokuxhuma okungaphansi kuka-1.5dB kutholakala kalula.
Umfanekiso 2: Isiguquli sosayizi wephethini sama-waveguide e-silicon wire. Izinto ze-silicon zakha isakhiwo esiyindilinga esiphambene ngaphakathi kwe-waveguide yengilazi elengayo. I-substrate ye-silicon iqoshwe ngaphansi kwe-waveguide yengilazi elengayo.
Ingxenye ebalulekile ye-passive yi-polarization beam splitter. Ezinye izibonelo ze-polarization splitters ziboniswe ku-Figure 3. Eyokuqala yi-Mach-Zender interferometer (MZI), lapho ingalo ngayinye ine-birefringence ehlukile. Esesibili yi-coupler elula eqondisa ngqo. I-birefringence yokwakheka kwe-waveguide ejwayelekile ye-silicon wire iphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukukhanya kwe-transverse magnetic (TM) polarized kungahlanganiswa ngokuphelele, kuyilapho ukukhanya kwe-transverse electrical (TE) polarized kungacishe kuhlukaniswe. Esesithathu yi-grating coupler, lapho i-fiber ibekwa khona nge-Angle ukuze ukukhanya kwe-TE polarized kuhlanganiswe kolunye uhlangothi futhi ukukhanya kwe-TM polarized kuhlanganiswe kolunye. Esesine yi-grating coupler enezinhlangothi ezimbili. Izindlela ze-fibre ezinamasimu kagesi aqonde ngqo kusiqondiso sokusabalala kwe-waveguide zixhunywe ku-waveguide ehambisanayo. I-fibre ingatsheka futhi ixhunywe kuma-waveguide amabili, noma iqonde ngqo ebusweni futhi ixhunywe kuma-waveguide amane. Inzuzo eyengeziwe yama-grating couplers anezinhlangothi ezimbili ukuthi asebenza njenge-polarization rotators, okusho ukuthi konke ukukhanya ku-chip kune-polarization efanayo, kodwa kusetshenziswa ama-orthogonal polarizations amabili ku-fiber.
Umfanekiso 3: Izihlukanisi eziningi ze-polarization.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-16-2024