Ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwedatha ye-silicon photonic

I-silicon photonicubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwedatha
Ezinhlotsheni eziningana zeamadivayisi e-photonic, izingxenye ze-silicon photonic ziyancintisana namadivayisi asezingeni eliphezulu, okuxoxwa ngawo ngezansi. Mhlawumbe lokho esikubheka njengomsebenzi oguqula kakhuluukuxhumana okubonakalayoukudalwa kwamapulatifomu ahlanganisiwe ahlanganisa ama-modulators, ama-detectors, ama-waveguides, nezinye izingxenye ku-chip efanayo exhumana. Kwezinye izimo, ama-transistors nawo afakiwe kulawa mapulatifomu, okuvumela i-amplifier, i-serialization, kanye nempendulo ukuthi konke kuhlanganiswe ku-chip efanayo. Ngenxa yezindleko zokuthuthukisa izinqubo ezinjalo, lo mzamo uhloselwe kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhumana kwedatha phakathi kontanga. Futhi ngenxa yezindleko zokuthuthukisa inqubo yokukhiqiza i-transistor, ukuvumelana okuvelayo emkhakheni ukuthi, ngokombono wokusebenza kanye nezindleko, kunengqondo kakhulu ngekusasa elibonakalayo ukuhlanganisa amadivayisi kagesi ngokwenza ubuchwepheshe bokubopha ezingeni le-wafer noma le-chip.

Kunokubaluleka okusobala ekukwazini ukwenza ama-chip angakwazi ukubala kusetshenziswa amadivayisi kagesi futhi enze ukuxhumana kwe-optical. Iningi lezicelo zokuqala ze-silicon photonics zazisekuxhumaneni kwedatha yedijithali. Lokhu kuqhutshwa umehluko oyisisekelo womzimba phakathi kwama-electron (ama-fermion) nama-photon (ama-boson). Ama-electron alungele ukubala ngoba womabili awakwazi ukuba sendaweni efanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi asebenzisana kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ama-electron ukwakha amadivayisi amakhulu okushintshana angewona aqondile - ama-transistors.

Ama-photon anezakhiwo ezahlukene: ama-photon amaningi angaba sendaweni efanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile kakhulu awaphazamisi omunye nomunye. Yingakho kungenzeka ukudlulisa ama-trillions of data bits ngomzuzwana nge-fiber eyodwa: akwenziwa ngokudala umfudlana wedatha one-bandwidth eyodwa ye-terabit.

Ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, i-fiber eya ekhaya iyindlela evelele yokufinyelela, yize lokhu kungakaze kuboniswe ukuthi kuyiqiniso e-United States, lapho incintisana khona ne-DSL kanye nezinye ubuchwepheshe. Njengoba isidingo esiqhubekayo se-bandwidth, isidingo sokushayela ukudluliselwa kwedatha okuphumelelayo nge-fiber optics naso sikhula kancane kancane. Umkhuba obanzi emakethe yokuxhumana kwedatha ukuthi njengoba ibanga lehla, intengo yesigaba ngasinye yehla kakhulu ngenkathi ivolumu ikhuphuka. Akumangazi ukuthi imizamo yokuhweba nge-silicon photonics igxile emsebenzini omkhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezisezingeni elifushane, ezigxile ezikhungweni zedatha kanye nokubala okuphezulu. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhathi esizayo zizofaka phakathi ukuxhumana kwebhodi kuya ebhodini, ukuxhumana kwebanga elifushane le-USB, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho nokuxhumana kwe-CPU core-to-core ekugcineni, yize okuzokwenzeka ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-core-to-core ku-chip kusalokhu kuqagela. Nakuba kungakafiki esikalini semboni ye-CMOS, i-silicon photonics isiqalile ukuba yimboni ebalulekile.