Ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana bedatha ye-silicon photonic

I-silicon photonicubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwedatha
Ezigabeni eziningana zeamadivaysi photonic, izingxenye ze-silicon photonic zincintisana namadivayisi asezingeni eliphezulu, okuxoxwe ngawo ngezansi. Mhlawumbe lokho esikuthatha njengomsebenzi oguqula kakhulu kuwoukuxhumana opticalwukwakhiwa kwezinkundla ezididiyelwe ezihlanganisa amamoduli, izitholi, ama-waveguides, nezinye izingxenye ku-chip efanayo ezixhumana zodwa. Kwezinye izimo, ama-transistors aphinde afakwe kulawa mapulatifomu, okuvumela i-amplifier, i-serialization, kanye nempendulo ukuthi konke kuhlanganiswe ku-chip efanayo. Ngenxa yezindleko zokuthuthukisa izinqubo ezinjalo, lo mzamo uhloselwe ikakhulukazi izicelo zokuxhumana kwedatha kontanga kuya kontanga. Futhi ngenxa yezindleko zokuthuthukisa inqubo yokukhiqiza i-transistor, ukuvumelana okuvelayo emkhakheni ukuthi, ngokombono wokusebenza nezindleko, kwenza umqondo omkhulu wekusasa elibonakalayo ukuhlanganisa izinto zikagesi ngokwenza ubuchwepheshe bokubopha ku-wafer noma i-chip. izinga.

Kunokubaluleka okusobala ekukwazini ukwenza ama-chips angakwazi ukubala kusetshenziswa izinto zikagesi futhi enze ukuxhumana okubonakalayo. Iningi lezinhlelo zokusebenza zakuqala zama-silicon photonics bekukukuxhumana kwedatha yedijithali. Lokhu kuqhutshwa umehluko oyisisekelo womzimba phakathi kwama-electron (fermions) nama-photon (ama-bosons). Ama-electron mahle ekwenzeni ikhompuyutha ngoba womabili awakwazi ukuba sendaweni eyodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi basebenzisane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ama-electron ukuze kwakhiwe ama-switching ama-nonlinear amadivaysi amakhulu - ama-transistors.

Amafothoni anezakhiwo ezahlukene: ama-photon amaningi angaba sendaweni eyodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhetheke kakhulu awaphazamisi. Kungakho kungenzeka ukudlulisa izigidigidi zamabhithi edatha ngomzuzwana ngefayibha eyodwa: akwenziwa ngokwakha ukusakazwa kwedatha ngomkhawulokudonsa owodwa we-terabit.

Ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, i-fiber ekhaya iyipharadesi yokufinyelela evelele, nakuba lokhu kungakaze kufakazelwe ukuthi kuyiqiniso e-United States, lapho iqhudelana khona ne-DSL nobunye ubuchwepheshe. Ngesidingo esiqhubekayo somkhawulokudonsa, isidingo sokushayela ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngokuphumelelayo nge-fiber optics naso sikhula kancane kancane. Ukuthambekela okubanzi emakethe yokuxhumana kwedatha ukuthi njengoba ibanga lincipha, intengo yengxenye ngayinye yehla kakhulu ngenkathi ivolumu ikhuphuka. Akumangazi ukuthi imizamo yokuthengisa ye-silicon photonics igxile kwinani elibalulekile lomsebenzi kuhlelo lokusebenza lwevolumu ephezulu, yebanga elifushane, izikhungo zedatha eziqondiwe kanye nekhompyutha esebenza kahle kakhulu. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhathi esizayo zizofaka ibhodi ukuya ebhodini, uxhumano lwebanga elifushane le-USB, futhi mhlawumbe nokuxhumana okuyisisekelo kuya komgogodla kwe-CPU ekugcineni, nakuba okuzokwenzeka ngezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko ku-chip kusaqagela. Yize ingakafiki esikalini semboni ye-CMOS, i-silicon photonics isiqalile ukuba imboni ebalulekile.