Ireferensi yokukhethai-laser yefayibha yemodi eyodwa
Ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo, ukukhetha imodi eyodwa efanelekilei-fiber laseridinga ukulinganiswa okuhlelekile kwamapharamitha ahlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwayo kufanelana nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, indawo yokusebenza kanye nemikhawulo yesabelomali. Lesi sigaba sizohlinzeka ngendlela yokukhetha ewusizo ngokusekelwe ezidingweni.
Isu lokukhetha elisekelwe ezimweni zohlelo lokusebenza
Izidingo zokusebenza zeama-laserziyahlukahluka kakhulu ezimweni ezahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza. Isinyathelo sokuqala ekukhetheni ukucacisa izidingo eziyinhloko zohlelo lokusebenza.
Ukucutshungulwa kwezinto eziqondile kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-micro-nano: Izinhlelo ezinjalo zifaka phakathi ukusika okuncane, ukubhoboza, ukudaya kwe-semiconductor wafer, ukumakwa kwezinga le-micron kanye nokuphrinta kwe-3D, njll. Zinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zekhwalithi ye-beam kanye nosayizi wendawo egxile. I-laser ene-M² factor eseduze ngangokunokwenzeka ne-1 (njenge-<1.1) kufanele ikhethwe. Amandla okukhipha adinga ukunqunywa ngokusekelwe ekujikeni kwezinto kanye nesivinini sokucubungula. Ngokuvamile, amandla asukela kumashumi kuya kwamakhulu ama-watt angahlangabezana nezidingo zokucubungula okuningi kwe-micro. Ngokuphathelene nobude be-wavelength, i-1064nm iyindlela ekhethwayo yokucubungula izinto eziningi zensimbi ngenxa yesilinganiso sayo esiphakeme sokumuncwa kanye nezindleko eziphansi nge-watt ngayinye yamandla e-laser.
Ucwaningo lwesayensi kanye nokulinganisa okuphezulu: Izimo zokusetshenziswa zifaka phakathi ama-tweezers optical, i-cold atom physics, i-high-resolution spectroscopy kanye ne-interferometry. Lezi zinsimu zivame ukuba nokuphishekela okukhulu kwe-monochromaticity, ukuzinza kwemvamisa kanye nokusebenza komsindo kwama-laser. Amamodeli anobubanzi obuncane (ngisho nemvamisa eyodwa) nomsindo ophansi kufanele anikezwe kuqala. Ububanzi be-wavelength kufanele bukhethwe ngokusekelwe kumugqa we-resonance we-athomu noma i-molecule ethile (isibonelo, i-780nm ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukupholisa ama-athomu e-rubidium). Ukukhishwa kokugcinwa kwe-Bias ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ekuhlolweni kokuphazamiseka. Isidingo samandla ngokuvamile asiphezulu, futhi amakhulu ama-milliwatts kuya kuma-watts amaningana avame ukwanele.
Ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha kanye ne-biotechnology: Izicelo zifaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo, ukwelashwa kwesikhumba kanye nokuthwebula izithombe nge-fluorescence microscopy. Ukuphepha kwamehlo kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke ama-laser anama-wavelength angu-1550nm noma angu-2μm, akwibhendi yokuphepha kwamehlo, avame ukukhethwa. Izicelo zokuxilonga, kudingeka kuqashelwe ukuzinza kwamandla; Izicelo zokwelapha, amandla afanele kufanele akhethwe ngokusekelwe ekujuleni kwezidingo zokwelapha kanye namandla. Ukuguquguquka kokudluliselwa kwe-optical kuyinzuzo enkulu kulezi zicelo.
Ukuxhumana Nokuzwa: Ukuzwa kwe-fiber optic, i-liDAR kanye nokuxhumana kwe-space optical kuyizinhlelo zokusebenza ezivamile. Lezi zimo zidingai-laserukuba nokuthembeka okuphezulu, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo kanye nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside. Ibhendi engu-1550nm isibe yisinqumo esithandwayo ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwayo okuphansi kakhulu kokudluliselwa kwezintambo ze-optical. Kuzinhlelo zokuthola ezihambisanayo (njenge-coherent lidar), i-laser eqondile ene-linearly polarized enobubanzi obuncane kakhulu iyadingeka njenge-oscillator yendawo.
2. Ukuhlelwa okubalulekile kwamapharamitha ayisihluthulelo
Uma sibhekene nemingcele eminingi, izinqumo zingenziwa ngokusekelwe ezintweni eziza kuqala ezilandelayo:
Amapharamitha anqumayo: Okokuqala, nquma ubude be-wavelength kanye nekhwalithi ye-beam. Ububanzi be-wavelength bunqunywa yizidingo ezibalulekile zohlelo lokusebenza (izici zokumunca izinto, amazinga okuphepha, imigqa ye-athomu yokuma), futhi ngokuvamile akukho ndawo yokuvumelana. Ikhwalithi ye-beam inquma ngokuqondile ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lokusebenza. Isibonelo, ukunemba komshini wokugaya akukwazi ukwamukela ama-laser ane-M² ephezulu kakhulu.
Amapharamitha okusebenza: Okwesibili, naka amandla okukhipha kanye nobubanzi bomugqa/ukuhlukaniswa. Amandla kumele ahlangabezane nezidingo zomkhawulo wamandla noma ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lokusebenza. Izici zobubanzi bomugqa kanye nokuhlukaniswa zinqunywa ngokusekelwe endleleni ethile yobuchwepheshe yohlelo lokusebenza (njengokuthi ngabe ukuphazamiseka noma ukuphindaphindwa kwemvamisa kuhilelekile). Amapharamitha asebenzayo: Okokugcina, cabanga ngokuqina (njengokuqina kwamandla okukhipha isikhathi eside), ukuthembeka (isikhathi sokusebenza esingenaphutha), ukusetshenziswa kwamandla omthamo, ukuhambisana kwesixhumi kanye nezindleko. La mapharamitha athinta ubunzima bokuhlanganiswa kanye nezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi be-laser endaweni yokusebenza yangempela.
3. Ukukhetha nokwahlulela phakathi kwemodi eyodwa kanye nemodi eminingi
Nakuba lesi sihloko sigxile kumodi eyodwaama-laser efayibha, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokucacile isidingo sokukhetha imodi eyodwa ekukhetheni kwangempela. Lapho izidingo eziyinhloko zohlelo lokusebenza ziwukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kokucubungula, indawo encane kakhulu ethintekile ekushiseni, ikhono lokugcina lokugxila noma ibanga elide kakhulu lokudlulisa, i-laser yefayibha yemodi eyodwa iyona kuphela ukukhetha okulungile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma uhlelo lokusebenza luhilela kakhulu ukushisela amapuleti amakhulu, ukwelashwa kwendawo enkulu noma ukudluliselwa kwamandla aphezulu okufushane, futhi isidingo sokunemba okuphelele singesiphezulu, khona-ke ama-laser efayibha yemodi eminingi angaba ukukhetha okonga kakhulu nokusebenzisekayo ngenxa yamandla awo aphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-12-2025