Ukulawulwa kobubanzi be-pulseukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo nge-laserubuchwepheshe
Ukulawulwa kwe-pulse kwe-laser kungenye yezixhumanisi ezibalulekile kuubuchwepheshe be-laser, okuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kanye nomphumela wokusetshenziswa kwe-laser. Leli phepha lizohlela ngokuhlelekile ukulawula ububanzi be-pulse, ukulawula imvamisa ye-pulse kanye nobuchwepheshe bokushintshashintsha obuhlobene, futhi lilwele ukuba nobungcweti, obuphelele nobunengqondo.
1. Umqondo wobubanzi be-pulse
Ububanzi be-Pulse be-laser bubhekisela esikhathini se-laser pulse, okuyipharamitha ebalulekile yokuchaza izici zesikhathi zomkhiqizo we-laser. Kuma-laser e-pulse amafushane kakhulu (njenge-nanosecond, i-picosecond kanye ne-femtosecond lasers), uma ububanzi be-pulse bufushane, kulapho amandla aphezulu khona, futhi umphumela wokushisa uba mncane, ofanele ukucutshungulwa ngokunemba noma ucwaningo lwesayensi.
2. Izici ezithinta ububanzi be-laser pulse Ububanzi be-pulse ye-laser buthintwa yizici ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezifaka phakathi izici ezilandelayo:
a. Izici ze-gain medium. Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-gain media zinesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele samandla kanye nokuphila kwe-fluorescence, okuthinta ngqo ukukhiqizwa kanye nobubanzi be-pulse ye-laser pulse. Isibonelo, ama-laser e-solid-state, amakristalu e-Nd:YAG kanye namakristalu e-Ti:Sapphire ayimidiya ye-laser e-solid-state evamile. Ama-laser egesi, njenge-carbon dioxide (CO₂) lasers kanye nama-laser e-helium-neon (HeNe), avame ukukhiqiza ama-pulse amade ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo sama-molecule kanye nezakhiwo ze-excited state; Ama-laser e-semiconductor, ngokulawula isikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwe-carrier, angafinyelela ububanzi be-pulse kusukela kuma-nanoseconds kuya kuma-picoseconds.
Ukwakheka kwesikhala selaser kunomthelela omkhulu ebubanzini be-pulse, okuhlanganisa: ubude besikhala, ubude besikhala selaser bunquma isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze ukukhanya kuhambe kaningi emgodini, isikhala eside sizoholela ebubanzini be-pulse obude, kuyilapho isikhala esifushane sisiza ekukhiqizweni kwama-pulse amafushane kakhulu; Ukubonakalisa: Isibonisi esinokukhanya okuphezulu singakhulisa ubuningi be-photon emgodini, ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukise umphumela wokuthola, kodwa ukukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu kungandisa ukulahlekelwa emgodini futhi kuthinte ukuzinza kobubanzi be-pulse; Indawo yesikhala sokuthola kanye nendawo yesikhala sokuthola ngaphakathi emgodini kuzothinta nesikhathi sokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-photon nesikhala sokuthola, bese kuthinta ububanzi be-pulse.
c. Ubuchwepheshe bokushintsha i-Q kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiya imodi kuyizindlela ezimbili ezibalulekile zokufeza umphumela we-pulse laser kanye nokulawulwa kobubanzi be-pulse.
d. Umthombo wephampu kanye nemodi yephampu Ukuqina kwamandla komthombo wephampu kanye nokukhetha imodi yephampu nakho kunomthelela obalulekile ebubanzini be-pulse.
3. Izindlela zokulawula ububanzi be-pulse ezivamile
a. Shintsha imodi yokusebenza ye-laser: imodi yokusebenza ye-laser izothinta ngqo ububanzi be-pulse yayo. Ububanzi be-pulse bungalawulwa ngokulungisa amapharamitha alandelayo: imvamisa kanye namandla omthombo wephampu, ukufakwa kwamandla komthombo wephampu, kanye nezinga lokuguqulwa kwenani lezinhlayiya endaweni yokuzuza; Ukubonakaliswa kwelensi yokukhipha kushintsha ukusebenza kahle kwempendulo ku-resonator, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte inqubo yokwakheka kwe-pulse.
b. Lawula ukuma kwe-pulse: lungisa ngokungaqondile ububanzi be-pulse ngokushintsha ukuma kwe-laser pulse.
c. Ukuguqulwa kwamanje: Ngokushintsha ugesi ophumayo ukuze kulawulwe ukusatshalaliswa kwamazinga wamandla kagesi endaweni ye-laser, bese kushintsha ububanzi be-pulse. Le ndlela inesivinini sokuphendula okusheshayo futhi ifanele izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezidinga ukulungiswa okusheshayo.
d. Ukushintshashintsha kwe-switch: ngokulawula isimo sokushintsha kwe-laser ukuze ulungise ububanzi be-pulse.
e. Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa: izinguquko zokushisa zizothinta isakhiwo samandla e-electron se-laser, ngaleyo ndlela zithinte ngokungaqondile ububanzi be-pulse.
f. Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokushintshashintsha: Ubuchwepheshe bokushintshashintsha buyindlela ephumelelayo yokulawula ububanzi be-pulse ngokunembile.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-laserUbuchwepheshe buwubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa i-laser njengesithwali futhi bufake ulwazi kuyo. Ngokusho kobudlelwano ne-laser bungahlukaniswa ngokuguqulwa kwangaphakathi kanye nokuguqulwa kwangaphandle. Ukuguqulwa kwangaphakathi kubhekisela kwimodi yokuguquguquka lapho isignali eguquliwe ilayishwa khona enkambisweni yokuguqulwa kwe-laser ukushintsha amapharamitha okunyakaza kwe-laser ngaleyo ndlela kushintshe izici zokukhishwa kwe-laser. Ukuguqulwa kwangaphandle kubhekisela kwimodi yokuguquguquka lapho isignali yokuguquguquka ingezwa khona ngemva kokwakhiwa kwe-laser, futhi izakhiwo ze-laser yokukhipha zishintshwa ngaphandle kokushintsha amapharamitha okunyakaza kwe-laser.
Ubuchwepheshe bokushintshashintsha bungahlukaniswa ngokwezinhlobo zokushintshashintsha kwe-carrier, okuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwe-analog, ukuguqulwa kwe-pulse, ukuguqulwa kwedijithali (ukuguqulwa kwekhodi ye-pulse); Ngokwemingcele yokuguquguquka, ihlukaniswe ngokuguqulwa kwamandla kanye nokuguqulwa kwesigaba.
I-modulator yokuqina: Ububanzi be-pulse bulawulwa ngokulungisa ushintsho lobukhulu bokukhanya kwe-laser.
I-modulator yesigaba: Ububanzi be-pulse bulungiswa ngokushintsha isigaba segagasi lokukhanya.
I-amplifier ekhiywe ngesigaba: Ngokusebenzisa i-amplifier ekhiywe ngesigaba, ububanzi be-laser pulse bungalungiswa ngokunembile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-24-2025