Ukuxhumana kwe-Quantum kuyingxenye ephakathi yobuchwepheshe bolwazi lwe-quantum. Inezinzuzo zemfihlo ngokuphelele, umthamo omkhulu wokuxhumana, ijubane lokudlulisela ngokushesha, njalonjalo. Ingaqedela imisebenzi ethile yokuxhumana ye-classical ongayifinyelela. Ukuxhumana kwe-Quantum kungasebenzisa uhlelo oluyimfihlo, olungakwazi ukunqunyelwa ukuqaphela umuzwa wangempela wokuxhumana okuphephile, ngakho-ke ukuxhumana kwe-quantum sekuyisisekelo sesayensi nobuchwepheshe emhlabeni. Ukuxhumana kwe-Quantum kusebenzisa isimo se-quantum njengento yolwazi yokuthola ukudluliswa okusebenzayo kwemininingwane. Kungomunye uguquko emlandweni wezokuxhumana ngemuva kokuxhumana ngocingo kanye nokuxhumana.
Izingxenye eziphambili zokuxhumana kwe-quantum:
Ukusatshalaliswa kokhiye okuyimfihlo kwe-Quantum:
Ukusatshalaliswa kokhiye okuyimfihlo kwe-Quantum akusetshenziswa ukudlulisa okuqukethwe okuyimfihlo. Noma kunjalo, ukusungula nokuxhumana nencwadi ye-cipher, okungukuthi, ukunikeza ukhiye wangasese kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zokuxhumana komuntu siqu, ezaziwa njengokuxhumana kwe-Quantum Cryptography.
Ngo-1984, uBennett wase-United States kanye ne-Brassart of Canada ahlongoze i-BB84 Protocol, esebenzisa izingcezu ze-Quantum njengezithwali zolwazi ukuze zithole izici ze-Quantum ngokusebenzisa isizukulwane nokusatshalaliswa okuphephile kwezinkinobho eziyimfihlo. Ngo-1992, uBennett waphakamisa ukuthi uHlelo Lokwakhiwa kwe-B92 ngokususelwa ezizweni ezimbili ze-nonortholonal quantum ngokugeleza okulula nokusebenza kahle kwengxenye. Zombili lezi zinhlelo zincike kwisethi eyodwa noma eziningi ze-Orthogonal ne-Northogononal single quantum. Ekugcineni, ngo-1991, u-Ekert wase-UK wahlongoza i-E91 ngokususelwa ku-State ephezulu kakhulu, okungukuthi i-EPR pair.
Ngo-1998, kwahlongozwa enye iSchempembe ye-Quantum Cuantum eyisithupha yokukhethwa kwama-polarization ngamabhasi amathathu ahlanganisiwe akhiwa izisekelo ezine zokugaya kanye nokujikeleza kwesobunxele nokujikeleza okufanele ku-BB84 Protocol. Iphrothokholi ye-BB84 iye yabonakala njengendlela ephephile yokusabalalisa ephephile, engaphulwanga muntu kuze kube manje. Umgomo wokungaqiniseki kwe-quantum ne-quantum okungeyona-cloning uqinisekisa ukuphepha kwayo ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, i-EPR Protocol inenani elibalulekile le-theoretical. Ixhumanisa isimo se-Quantum esifakiwe ngokuxhumana okuphephile kwe-quantum futhi ivule indlela entsha yokuxhumana okuphephile kwe-quantum.
I-Teleportation ye-Quantum:
Ithiyori ye-teleportation ye-quantum ehlongozwe yiBennett kanye nabanye ososayensi emazweni ayisithupha ngo-1993 imodi yokuhambisa ephezulu esebenzisa isiteshi esiphezulu esibangelwa yi-Quantming State, futhi isilinganiso sempumelelo se-teleportation sizofika ngo-100% [2].
Ngo-199, a. Iqembu le-zeinger lase-Austria liqede ukuqinisekiswa kokuqala kokuhlolwa komgomo we-teleportation ye-quantum elabhorethri. Kumafilimu amaningi, kuvame ukuvela kwecebo elinjalo: Isibalo esingaqondakali siyanyamalala endaweni eyodwa ngokuzumayo sibonakala sisendaweni. Kodwa-ke, ngoba i-teleportation ye-quantum yephula umthetho we-quantum engaqiniseki ne-Heisenberg ngokungaqiniseki ngamanani we-quantum, kunguhlobo nje lwesayensi yesayensi ekukhulumisaneni kwakudala.
Kodwa-ke, umqondo ohlukile we-quantum entanglement ungeniswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-quantum, ehlukanisa imininingwane ye-quantum quentum ye-quantum yoqobo yezingxenye ezimbili: ulwazi lwe-quantum kanye nolwazi olumangalisayo, olukwenza lokhu kumangalisa ukuthi kwenzeke. Imininingwane ye-Quantum imininingwane engakhishwe kwinqubo yokulinganisa, kanye nolwazi lwakudala luyindlela yokuqala.
Inqubekela phambili ekuxhumaneni kwe-quantum:
Kusukela ngo-1994, ukukhulumisana kwe-quantum kungenile kancane kancane esigabeni sokuhlola kanye nenhlanganisela phambili emgomweni ongokoqobo, onenani lentuthuko elihle kakhulu nezinzuzo zezomnotho. Ngo-1997, i-Pan Jianwei, usosayensi osemusha waseChina, futhi u-Blow Meister, usosayensi waseDashi, wazama futhi wabona ukudluliswa okukude kwe-Quantum States.
Ngo-Ephreli 2004, iSornsen et al. Ukuqashelwa kwedatha ye-1.45km phakathi kwamabhange okokuqala ngokusebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Quantum Enteanglement, ukumaka ukuxhumana kwe-quantum kusuka kwelabhorethri kuya esigabeni sohlelo lokusebenza. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwe-Quantum budonsele ukunakwa okukhulu okuvela kohulumeni, imboni kanye nasezemfundo. Ezinye izinkampani zamazwe aphesheya ezidumile nazo zithuthukisa ngezentengiso zolwazi lwe-quantum, njengenkampani yocingo yaseBrithani kanye ne-Telegraph, i-ATSTONICE LOCKATHIONI YOKUXHUMANISA INDLELA E-CRYTTICROCY "Setha i-7-NODE ephephile yokuxhumana nenethiwekhi yokuqinisekisa.
Ngo-2010, umagazini wesikhathi sase-United States wabika impumelelo ye-Teleportation ye-Teleportation ye-TelePort ye-China ye-16 KM Quantum ye-China ye-China yeColommum "ngesihloko se-China Quantum Science," ekhombisa ukuthi iChina ikwazi ukuthola inethiwekhi yokuxhumana ye-Quantum phakathi komhlaba kanye ne-satellite [3]. Ngo-2010, i-National Intelligence Institute Institute yaseJapan kanye ne-Mitsubishi Electric ne-NEC, i-ID, i-ID ye-Switzerland, futhi yonke iVienna ye-Austria yasungula inethiwekhi yezindawo eziyisithupha ze-Metropolitan Quantum yasungulwa inethiwekhi ye-Metropolitan Quantum "eTokyo. Inethiwekhi igxile emiphumeleni yakamuva yocwaningo yezikhungo zokucwaninga nezinkampani ezinezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lentuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwe-quantum eJapan naseYurophu.
I-Beijing Rofea Optoelectoronics Co, Ltd. Inkampani yethu isebenza ngokukhethekile ocwaningweni oluzimele kanye nentuthuko, ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-opoleectronic, futhi kunikeze izixazululo ezintsha kanye nezinsizakalo ezenziwe ngezifiso zabaphenyi besayensi nonjiniyela bezimboni. Ngemuva kweminyaka yokuqamba okuzimele, kwakha uchungechunge olucebile futhi oluphelele lwemikhiqizo yezithombe, esetshenziswa kabanzi kumasipala, ezempi, ezokuhamba, amandla kagesi, ezezimali, ezemfundo, ezemfundo.
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Isikhathi sePosi: Meyi-05-2023