I-Diffraction optical element uhlobo lwe-optical element olune-diffraction efficiency ephezulu, olusekelwe ku-diffraction theory yamagagasi okukhanya futhi lusebenzisa inqubo yokuklama okusiza ngekhompyutha kanye ne-semiconductor chip ukuqopha isakhiwo sesinyathelo noma sokukhululeka okuqhubekayo ku-substrate (noma ubuso bedivayisi yendabuko ye-optical). I-Diffracted optical elements zincane, zilula, zincane ngobukhulu, zino-diffraction efficiency ephezulu, amazinga amaningi okuklama enkululeko, ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa kanye nezici zokuhlakazeka ezihlukile. Ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zezinsimbi eziningi ze-optical. Njengoba i-diffraction ihlala iholela ekuncishisweni kwesisombululo esiphezulu sesistimu ye-optical, i-optics yendabuko ihlala izama ukugwema imiphumela emibi ebangelwa umphumela we-diffraction kuze kube ngawo-1960, ngokusungulwa kanye nokukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo kwe-analog holography kanye ne-computer hologramu kanye ne-phase diagram kwabangela ushintsho olukhulu emqondweni. Ngawo-1970, yize ubuchwepheshe be-computer hologramu kanye ne-phase diagram babuqala ukuphelela, kwakunzima ukwenza izakhi ze-hyperfine structure ezino-diffraction efficiency ephezulu kuma-wavelengths abonakalayo naseduze kwe-infrared, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ububanzi bokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwezakhi ze-diffractive optical. Ngawo-1980, iqembu locwaningo eliholwa yi-WBVeldkamp evela e-MIT Lincoln Laboratory e-United States laqala ukwethula ubuchwepheshe be-lithography bokukhiqiza i-VLSI ekukhiqizweni kwezingxenye ze-optical ezihlukanisayo, futhi laphakamisa umqondo we-"binary optics". Ngemva kwalokho, izindlela ezintsha zokucubungula ziyaqhubeka nokuvela, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ze-optical ezihlukanisayo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezinemisebenzi eminingi. Ngakho-ke kwakhuthaza kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezingxenye ze-optical ezihlukanisayo.
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-diffraction kwento ye-diffractive optical
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-diffraction kungenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile zokuhlola izakhi ze-optical ezihlukanisayo kanye nezinhlelo ze-optical ezixubile ezihlukanisayo ezinezakhi ze-optical ezihlukanisayo. Ngemva kokukhanya kudlule ku-optical ehlukanisayo, kuzokhiqizwa ama-oda amaningi e-diffraction. Ngokuvamile, ukukhanya kwe-oda eliyinhloko le-diffraction kuphela okunakwayo. Ukukhanya kwamanye ama-oda e-diffraction kuzokwakha ukukhanya okulahlekile endizeni yesithombe se-oda eliyinhloko le-diffraction futhi kunciphise umehluko wendizeni yesithombe. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwe-diffraction kwezakhi ze-optical ezihlukanisayo kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokuthwebula yezakhi ze-optical ezihlukanisayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezihlukanisayo
Ngenxa yesakhi se-optical esihlukanisayo kanye nengaphambili laso lamagagasi okulawula eliguquguqukayo, uhlelo lwe-optical kanye nedivayisi kuyathuthuka kube ukukhanya, okuncishisiwe futhi okuhlanganisiwe. Kuze kube ngawo-1990, ucwaningo lwezinto ze-optical ezihlukanisayo lube yinto ephambili ensimini ye-optical. Lezi zingxenye zingasetshenziswa kabanzi ekulungiseni i-laser wavefront, ekwakheni iphrofayili ye-beam, ekukhiqizeni i-beam array, ekuxhumekeni kwe-optical, ekubalweni kwe-optical parallel, ekuxhumaneni kwe-satellite optical njalo njalo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-25-2023