Ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlola i-photoelectric
Ubuchwepheshe bokuthola i-Photoelectric bungenye yezindlela zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe bolwazi lwe-photoelectric, okuhlanganisa kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric, ukutholwa kolwazi lwe-optical kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulinganisa ulwazi lwe-optical kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-photoelectric bolwazi lokulinganisa. Njengendlela ye-photoelectric yokufeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokulinganisa ngokomzimba, ukukhanya okuphansi, ukulinganisa ukukhanya okuphansi, ukulinganisa kwe-infrared, ukuskena kokukhanya, ukulinganisa kokulandelela ukukhanya, ukulinganisa kwe-laser, ukulinganisa i-optical fiber, ukulinganisa isithombe.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuthola i-photoelectric buhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-optical kanye nobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi ukukala amanani ahlukahlukene, anezici ezilandelayo:
1. Ukunemba okuphezulu. Ukunemba kokulinganisa kwe-photoelectric kuphakeme kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bokulinganisa. Isibonelo, ukunemba kobude bokulinganisa nge-laser interferometry kungafinyelela ku-0.05μm/m; Ukulinganiswa kwe-Angle ngendlela ye-grating moire fringe kungafinyelelwa. Isixazululo sokulinganisa ibanga phakathi komhlaba nenyanga ngendlela ye-laser ranging singafinyelela ku-1m.
2. Isivinini esiphezulu. Ukulinganisa i-photoelectric kuthatha ukukhanya njengendlela yokuxhumana, kanti ukukhanya kuyisivinini sokusabalalisa esisheshayo phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto, futhi ngokungangabazeki kuyisivinini esisheshayo sokuthola nokudlulisa ulwazi ngezindlela zokukhanya.
3. Ibanga elide, ububanzi obukhulu. Ukukhanya kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokulawula kude kanye ne-telemetry, njengokuqondisa izikhali, ukulandelela nge-photoelectric, i-telemetry kamabonakude njalo njalo.
4. Ukulinganisa okungathintani. Ukukhanya entweni elinganisiwe kungabhekwa njengokungamandla okulinganisa, ngakho-ke akukho ukungqubuzana, ukulinganisa okuguquguqukayo kungafinyelelwa, futhi kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yezindlela ezahlukene zokulinganisa.
5. Ukuphila isikhathi eside. Ngokwenkolelo-mbono, amaza okukhanya awagugi, inqobo nje uma ukuphinda kukhiqizwe kahle, kungasetshenziswa unomphela.
6. Njengoba ulwazi lusebenza kahle futhi lukwazi ukubala, ulwazi oluyinkimbinkimbi lungacutshungulwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Indlela ye-photoelectric kulula ukuyilawula nokugcina ulwazi, kulula ukuyenza ngokuzenzakalela, kulula ukuyixhuma nekhompyutha, futhi kulula ukuyifinyelela kuphela.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola i-photoelectric buwubuchwepheshe obusha obubalulekile kwisayensi yesimanje, isimanje sikazwelonke kanye nokuphila kwabantu, buwubuchwepheshe obusha obuhlanganisa umshini, ukukhanya, ugesi kanye nekhompyutha, futhi bungobunye bobuchwepheshe bolwazi obungaba khona kakhulu.
Okwesithathu, ukwakheka kanye nezici zesistimu yokuthola i-photoelectric
Ngenxa yobunzima nokuhlukahluka kwezinto ezivivinyiwe, isakhiwo sesistimu yokuthola asifani. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuthola i-elekthronikhi lwakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: inzwa, i-signal conditioner kanye ne-output link.
Inzwa iyisiguquli sesignali esixhumanisweni esiphakathi kwento evivinyiwe kanye nesistimu yokuthola. Ikhipha ngqo ulwazi olulinganisiwe entweni elinganisiwe, izwa ushintsho lwayo, bese iluguqula lube amapharamitha kagesi okulula ukuwalinganisa.
Izimpawu ezitholwe yizinzwa ngokuvamile ziyizimpawu zikagesi. Azikwazi ukuhlangabezana ngqo nezidingo zomkhiqizo, zidinga ukuguqulwa okwengeziwe, ukucubungula kanye nokuhlaziywa, okungukuthi, ngokusebenzisa isekethe yokulungisa isignali ukuze ziguqulwe zibe isignali kagesi ejwayelekile, umkhiqizo uye esixhumanisini somkhiqizo.
Ngokwenhloso kanye nohlobo lomkhiqizo wohlelo lokuthola, isixhumanisi sokukhipha ikakhulukazi idivayisi yokubonisa nokurekhoda, isikhombimsebenzisi sokuxhumana kwedatha kanye nedivayisi yokulawula.
Isekethe yokulungisa isignali yenzwa inqunywa uhlobo lwenzwa kanye nezidingo zesignali yokukhipha. Izinzwa ezahlukene zinezibonakaliso zokukhipha ezahlukene. Umphumela wenzwa yokulawula amandla ukushintsha kwamapharamitha kagesi, okudingeka kuguqulwe kube ushintsho lwe-voltage yisekethe yebhuloho, kanti umphumela wesignali ye-voltage yesekethe yebhuloho mncane, kanti i-voltage yemodi evamile inkulu, okudingeka ikhuliswe yi-amplifier yezinsimbi. Umphumela wesignali ye-voltage kanye neyamanje yinzwa yokuguqulwa kwamandla ngokuvamile uqukethe izimpawu zomsindo omkhulu. Isekethe yokuhlunga iyadingeka ukuze kukhishwe izimpawu eziwusizo futhi kuhlungwe izimpawu zomsindo ezingenamsebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu bomphumela wesignali ye-voltage yinzwa yamandla ejwayelekile buphansi kakhulu, futhi bungakhuliswa yi-amplifier yezinsimbi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nesithwali sesistimu kagesi, imvamisa yesithwali sesistimu kagesi ikhuliswa ngama-oda amaningana amakhulu. Lolu shintsho ku-oda lwemvamisa lwenza uhlelo lwe-photoelectric lube noshintsho lwekhwalithi endleleni yokuqaphela kanye nokugxuma kwekhwalithi emsebenzini. Okubonakala kakhulu kumthamo wesithwali, isixazululo se-angular, isixazululo sebanga kanye nesisombululo se-spectral kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, ngakho-ke kusetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yesiteshi, i-radar, ukuxhumana, isiqondiso esinembile, ukuzulazula, ukulinganisa nokunye. Nakuba izinhlobo ezithile zesistimu kagesi kagesi ezisetshenziswa kulezi zikhathi zihlukile, zinesici esifanayo, okungukuthi, zonke zinesixhumanisi sesithumeli, isiteshi sokukhanya kanye nesamukeli sokukhanya.
Izinhlelo ze-photoelectric zivame ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: ezisebenzayo nezingasebenzi. Kuhlelo lwe-photoelectric olusebenzayo, i-optical transmitter yakhiwe kakhulu umthombo wokukhanya (njenge-laser) kanye ne-modulator. Kuhlelo lwe-photoelectric olungasebenzi, i-optical transmitter ikhipha imisebe yokushisa evela entweni evivinywayo. Iziteshi ze-Optical kanye nama-optical receiver afana kuzo zombili. Isiteshi esibizwa ngokuthi i-optical sibhekisela kakhulu emoyeni, esikhaleni, ngaphansi kwamanzi kanye ne-optical fiber. I-optical receiver isetshenziselwa ukuqoqa isignali ye-optical yesigameko bese iyicubungula ukuze ithole ulwazi lwe-optical carrier, kufaka phakathi amamojula amathathu ayisisekelo.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-Photoelectric kuvame ukufezwa ngezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ze-optical kanye nezinhlelo ze-optical, kusetshenziswa izibuko ezisicaba, izimbobo ze-optical, amalensi, ama-prism e-cone, ama-polarizers, ama-wave plates, ama-code plates, i-grating, ama-modulators, izinhlelo ze-optical imaging, izinhlelo zokuphazamisa i-optical, njll., ukuze kufezwe ukuguqulwa okulinganisiwe kube yimingcele ye-optical (amplitude, imvamisa, isigaba, isimo se-polarization, izinguquko zesiqondiso sokusabalala, njll.). Ukuguqulwa kwe-Photoelectric kufezwa ngamadivayisi ahlukahlukene okuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric, njengamadivayisi okuthola i-photoelectric, amadivayisi ekhamera ye-photoelectric, amadivayisi okushisa e-photoelectric njalo njalo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-20-2023