Ukutholwa kwesignali yokubonai-spectrometer yehadiwe
A i-spectrometeriyithuluzi elibonakalayo elihlukanisa ukukhanya kwe-polychromatic kube i-spectrum. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-spectrometers, ngaphezu kwama-spectrometers asetshenziswa ebhendini yokukhanya ebonakalayo, kukhona ama-infrared spectrometers nama-ultraviolet spectrometers. Ngokusho kwezakhi ezihlukene zokuhlakazeka, ingahlukaniswa i-prism spectrometer, i-spectrometer ye-grating kanye ne-interference spectrometer. Ngokwendlela yokuthola, kukhona ama-spectroscopes okubuka ngqo kwamehlo, ama-spectroscopes okurekhoda anamafilimu e-photosensitive, nama-spectrophotometers okuthola i-spectra enezici zikagesi wesithombe noma ezishisayo. I-monochromator iyithuluzi le-spectral elikhipha kuphela umugqa owodwa we-chromatographic ngokusikwa, futhi ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa ngokuhambisana namanye amathuluzi okuhlaziya.
I-spectrometer evamile iqukethe inkundla yokubona kanye nesistimu yokuthola. Kubandakanya izingxenye eziyinhloko ezilandelayo:
1. Ukusika kwesigameko: indawo yento yesistimu yokuthwebula ye-spectrometer eyakhiwe ngaphansi komsebe wokukhanya kwesigameko.
2. Isici sokuhlanganisa: ukukhanya okukhishwa isikwele kuba ukukhanya okuhambisanayo. Isici esihlanganisayo singase sibe ilensi ezimele, isibuko, noma sihlanganiswe ngokuqondile entweni ehlakazayo, njenge-concave grating ku-spectrometer ye-concave grating.
(3) Isici sokuhlakazeka: ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa igridi, ukuze isignali yokukhanya esikhaleni ngokuya ngokuhlakazeka kwe-wavelength ibe yimishayo eminingi.
4. Isici sokugxilisa kuso: Gxilisa i-beam ehlakazekayo ukuze yakhe uchungechunge lwezithombe zokuhlukaniswa kwesigameko endizeni egxilile, lapho iphoyinti lesithombe ngalinye lihambisana nobude obuthile be-wavenge.
5. Amalungu afanayo omtshina: abekwe endizeni egxilile ukuze kukale ubukhulu bokukhanya bephoyinti lesithombe sobude beza ngalinye. I-detector array ingaba yi-CCD noma ezinye izinhlobo ze-light detector.
Ama-spectrometer avame kakhulu kuma-laboratories amakhulu yizakhiwo ze-CT, futhi leli klasi lama-spectrometers libuye libizwe ngokuthi ama-monochromators, ahlukaniswe kakhulu abe izigaba ezimbili:
I-1, i-symmetrical off-axis scanning CT structure, lesi sakhiwo siyindlela yangaphakathi yokubona i-symmetrical ngokuphelele, isondo lombhoshongo wokugaya line-eksisi eyodwa kuphela emaphakathi. Ngenxa yokulinganisa okuphelele, kuzoba nokuhluka kwesibili, okuholela ekukhanyeni okunamandla ikakhulukazi, futhi ngenxa yokuthi kuskena esingekho ku-axis, ukunemba kuzoncishiswa.
I-2, i-asymmetric axial scanning CT structure, okungukuthi, indlela yangaphakathi ye-optical ayilingani ngokuphelele, isondo lombhoshongo wokugaya linezimbazo ezimbili eziphakathi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukujikeleza kokugaya kuskenwa ku-axis, kuvimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukukhanya okulahlekile, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba. Idizayini ye-asymmetric in-axis scanning CT structure izungeza amaphuzu amathathu abalulekile: ukwenza kahle ikhwalithi yesithombe, ukuqeda ukukhanya kwesibili okuhlukanisiwe, kanye nokukhulisa ukuguquguquka okukhanyayo.
Izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko yilezi: A. isigamekoumthombo wokukhanyaB. Isikejana sokungena C. isibuko esishayisanayo D. igriza E. isibuko esigxile F. Phuma (siklebhukile)G.i-photodetector
I-Spectroscope (i-Spectroscope) iyithuluzi lesayensi elephula ukukhanya okuyinkimbinkimbi kube imigqa ye-spectral, ehlanganisa amaprism noma ama-diffraction grating, njll., kusetshenziswa i-spectrometer ukulinganisa ukukhanya okuvela ebusweni bento. Ukukhanya kwemibala eyisikhombisa elangeni kuyingxenye yeso lenyama kungahlukaniswa (ukukhanya okubonakalayo), kodwa uma i-spectrometer izobola ilanga, ngokusho kokuhlelwa kwe-wavelength, ukukhanya okubonakalayo kubala kuphela uhla oluncane lwe-spectrum, bonke abanye iso lenyama abakwazi ukuhlukanisa spectrum, ezifana infrared, microwave, ultraviolet, X-ray nokunye. Ngokuthwebula ulwazi olukhanyayo nge-spectrometer, ukuthuthukiswa kwamapuleti ezithombe, noma ukuboniswa okuzenzakalelayo kwekhompuyutha kokuboniswa nokuhlaziywa kwamathuluzi ezinombolo, ukuze kutholwe ukuthi yiziphi izici eziqukethwe kusihloko. Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswa kakhulu ekutholeni ukungcoliswa komoya, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, ukuhlanzeka kokudla, imboni yensimbi nokunye.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-05-2024