I-spectrometer yehadiwe yokuthola isignali ye-Optical

Ukutholwa kwesignali yokukhanyai-spectrometer yehadiwe
A i-spectrometeriyithuluzi lokubona elihlukanisa ukukhanya kwe-polychromatic kube yi-spectrum. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-spectrometer, ngaphezu kwama-spectrometer asetshenziswa kubhendi yokukhanya ebonakalayo, kune-infrared spectrometers kanye nama-ultraviolet spectrometers. Ngokwezinto ezahlukene zokusabalala, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-prism spectrometer, i-grating spectrometer kanye ne-interference spectrometer. Ngokwendlela yokuthola, kune-spectroscopes yokubuka ngamehlo ngqo, ama-spectroscopes okuqopha ngamafilimu azwela ukukhanya, kanye nama-spectrophotometers okubona ama-spectra ane-photoelectric noma i-thermoelectric elements. I-monochromator iyithuluzi le-spectral elikhipha umugqa owodwa we-chromatographic kuphela nge-slit, futhi livame ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinye izinsimbi zokuhlaziya.
I-spectrometer evamile iqukethe ipulatifomu yokukhanya kanye nesistimu yokuthola. Ihlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo eziyinhloko:
1. Uqhekeko lwesigameko: iphuzu lento yesistimu yokuthwebula izithombe ye-spectrometer eyakhiwe ngaphansi kokukhanya kokukhanya kwesigameko.
2. Isici se-Collimation: ukukhanya okukhishwa yi-slit kuba ukukhanya okuhambisanayo. Isici se-collimating singaba ilensi ezimele, isibuko, noma sihlanganiswe ngqo esicini esihlakazayo, njenge-concave grating ku-concave grating spectrometer.
(3) Isici sokuhlakazeka: ngokuvamile sisebenzisa i-grating, ukuze isignali yokukhanya esikhaleni ngokwe-wavelength dispersion ibe yimishayo eminingi.
4. Isici sokugxila: Gxila umsebe ohlakazayo ukuze wakhe uchungechunge lwezithombe eziqhekekile endaweni egxile kuyo, lapho iphuzu ngalinye lesithombe lihambisana nobude besikhathi obuthile.
5. I-detector array: ibekwe endaweni eqondile ukuze kulinganiswe ubukhali bokukhanya kwephuzu ngalinye lesithombe se-wavelength. I-detector array ingaba i-CCD array noma ezinye izinhlobo ze-light detector array.
Ama-spectrometer avame kakhulu ezindaweni zokucwaninga ezinkulu yizakhiwo ze-CT, futhi lolu hlobo lwama-spectrometer lubizwa nangokuthi ama-monochromators, ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezimbili:
1, isakhiwo se-CT sokuskena esingaphandle kwe-axis esilinganayo, lesi sakhiwo siyindlela yangaphakathi yokukhanya elinganayo ngokuphelele, isondo lombhoshongo we-grating line-axis eyodwa ephakathi kuphela. Ngenxa yokulingana okuphelele, kuzoba nokuphazamiseka kwesibili, okuholela ekukhanyeni okunamandla kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yokuthi kuskena okungaphandle kwe-axis, ukunemba kuzoncishiswa.
2, isakhiwo se-CT sokuskena se-axial esingalingani, okungukuthi, indlela yangaphakathi yokukhanya ayilingani ngokuphelele, isondo lombhoshongo we-grating linezimbazo ezimbili eziphakathi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukujikeleza kwe-grating kuskenwa ku-axis, kuvimbele ngempumelelo ukukhanya okulahlekile, kuthuthukise ukunemba. Umklamo wesakhiwo se-CT sokuskena se-in-axis esingalingani ujikeleza amaphuzu amathathu abalulekile: ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yesithombe, ukususa ukukhanya kwesibili okuphazanyisiwe, kanye nokukhulisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
Izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko yilezi: A. incidenceumthombo wokukhanyaB. Umnyango wokungena C. isibuko esihlanganisayo D. i-grating E. isibuko esigxilile F. Ukuphuma (umnyango)G.umshini wokuthola izithombe
I-Spectroscope (i-Spectroscope) iyithuluzi lesayensi elihlukanisa ukukhanya okuyinkimbinkimbi kube yimigqa ye-spectral, equkethe ama-prism noma ama-diffraction gratings, njll., kusetshenziswa i-spectrometer ukukala ukukhanya okuboniswa ebusweni bento. Ukukhanya okunemibala eyisikhombisa elangeni kuyingxenye yeso elinqunu kungahlukaniswa (ukukhanya okubonakalayo), kodwa uma i-spectrometer izobola ilanga, ngokusho kokuhlelwa kwe-wavelength, ukukhanya okubonakalayo kubala kuphela ububanzi obuncane be-spectrum, okunye iso elinqunu alikwazi ukuhlukanisa i-spectrum, njenge-infrared, i-microwave, i-ultraviolet, i-X-ray njalo njalo. Ngokuthwebula ulwazi lokukhanya yi-spectrometer, ukuthuthukiswa kwamapuleti ezithombe, noma ukuboniswa okuzenzakalelayo kwekhompyutha kwezinsimbi zezinombolo ukubonisa nokuhlaziya, ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yiziphi izakhi eziqukethwe kulesi sihloko. Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswa kabanzi ekutholeni ukungcola komoya, ukungcola kwamanzi, ukuhlanzeka kokudla, imboni yensimbi njalo njalo.