I-Lithium tantalate (LTOI) imoduli ye-electro-optic yesivinini esikhulu

Isivinini esikhulu se-Lithium tantalate (LTOI)i-electro-optic module

Ithrafikhi yedatha yomhlaba wonke iyaqhubeka ikhula, iqhutshwa ukwamukelwa okubanzi kobuchwepheshe obusha obufana ne-5G kanye ne-artificial intelligence (AI), ebeka izinselele ezibalulekile kuma-transceivers kuwo wonke amazinga amanethiwekhi optical. Ngokukhethekile, ubuchwepheshe besizukulwane esilandelayo se-electro-optic modulator budinga ukwanda okuphawulekayo kumazinga okudlulisa idatha ku-200 Gbps esiteshini esisodwa kuyilapho kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezindleko. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ubuchwepheshe be-silicon photonics busetshenziswe kabanzi emakethe ye-optical transceiver, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ama-silicon photonics angakhiqizwa ngobuningi kusetshenziswa inqubo ye-CMOS evuthiwe. Kodwa-ke, ama-modulators e-SOI e-electro-optic athembele ekuhlakazweni kwenkampani yenethiwekhi abhekana nezinselelo ezinkulu kumkhawulokudonsa, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukumuncwa kwenkampani yenethiwekhi yamahhala kanye nokungahambisani nokushintshashintsha kwe-modulation. Eminye imizila yobuchwepheshe embonini ihlanganisa i-InP, ifilimu elincanyana i-lithium niobate LNOI, ama-polymers e-electro-optical, nezinye izixazululo zokuhlanganisa eziningi ze-multi-platform heterogeneous. I-LNOI ibhekwa njengesixazululo esingafinyelela ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nokuguqulwa kwamandla aphansi, nokho, okwamanje inezinselelo ezithile mayelana nenqubo yokukhiqiza ngobuningi kanye nezindleko. Muva nje, ithimba lethule ifilimu encane ye-lithium tantalate (LTOI) yesikhulumi sesithombe esihlanganisiwe esinezici ezinhle kakhulu ze-photoelectric kanye nokukhiqiza okukhulu, okulindeleke ukuthi kufane noma kudlule ngisho nokusebenza kwe-lithium niobate kanye ne-silicon optical platforms ezinhlelweni eziningi. Nokho, kuze kube manje, idivayisi core ofukuxhumana optical, i-ultra-high speed electro-optic modulator, ayiqinisekisiwe ku-LTOI.

Kulolu cwaningo, abacwaningi baqale baklama i-LTOI electro-optic modulator, isakhiwo esiboniswa kuMfanekiso 1. Ngokuklanywa kwesakhiwo sengqimba ngayinye ye-lithium tantalate ku-insulator kanye nemingcele ye-electrode microwave, ukusabalalisa. ukufanisa isivinini se-microwave ne-light wave ku-i-electro-optical modulekuyafezeka. Mayelana nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwe-electrode ye-microwave, abacwaningi kulo msebenzi ngokokuqala ngqa bahlongoza ukusetshenziswa kwesiliva njengento ye-electrode ene-conductivity engcono, futhi i-electrode esiliva yaboniswa ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-microwave ku-82% uma kuqhathaniswa ne-electrode. i-electrode yegolide esetshenziswa kabanzi.

I-FIG. 1 LTOI i-electro-optic modulator isakhiwo, idizayini yokufanisa isigaba, ukuhlolwa kokulahlekelwa kwe-electrode ye-microwave.

I-FIG. 2 ibonisa izisetshenziswa zokuhlola kanye nemiphumela ye-LTOI electro-optic modulator yeumfutho modulatedukutholwa okuqondile (IMDD) ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana optical. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi imoduli ye-LTOI electro-optic ingadlulisela amasiginali e-PAM8 ngenani lezimpawu elingu-176 GBd nge-BER elinganiselwe engu-3.8×10⁻² ngaphansi komkhawulo we-SD-FEC ongu-25%. Kuzo zombili i-200 GBd PAM4 kanye ne-208 GBd PAM2, i-BER ibingaphansi kakhulu kunomkhawulo we-15% SD-FEC no-7% HD-FEC. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwamehlo ne-histogram kuMfanekiso 3 ikhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi i-LTOI electro-optic modulator ingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezinesivinini esikhulu ezinomugqa ophezulu kanye nezinga lephutha elincane.

I-FIG. 2 Linga usebenzisa i-LTOI electro-optic module forAmandla ashintshiweUkutholwa Okuqondile (IMDD) ohlelweni lokuxhumana olubonakalayo (a) idivayisi yokuhlola; (b) Izinga lephutha lebhithi elilinganisiwe (BER) le-PAM8(bomvu), i-PAM4(eluhlaza) kanye ne-PAM2(eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) amasignali njengomsebenzi wezinga lezimpawu; (c) Izinga lolwazi olukhishiwe olusebenzisekayo (i-AIR, umugqa odeshisiwe) kanye nesilinganiso sedatha yengqikithi ehlotshaniswayo (i-NDR, umugqa oqinile) ukuze kukale amanani amanani ephutha elincane angaphansi komkhawulo we-SD-FEC ongu-25%; (d) Amamephu wamehlo nama-histogram ezibalo ngaphansi kokushintshwa kwe-PAM2, PAM4, PAM8.

Lo msebenzi ubonisa imoduli ye-LTOI ye-electro-optic yokuqala enesivinini esikhulu enomkhawulokudonsa ongu-3 dB we-110 GHz. Ekuhlolweni kokudluliselwa kwe-IMDD kokuthola ukuqina kokuqina, idivayisi ifinyelela isilinganiso sedatha yenkampani yenethiwekhi eyodwa engu-405 Gbit/s, eqathaniswa nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwamaplathifomu akhona e-electro-optical afana ne-LNOI namamodulators e-plasma. Esikhathini esizayo, usebenzisa eziyinkimbinkimbiI-IQ moduleidizayini noma amasu okulungisa amaphutha esignali athuthuke kakhulu, noma ukusebenzisa ama-substrates aphansi okulahlekelwa yi-microwave njengama-quartz substrates, amadivayisi e-lithium tantalate kulindeleke ukuthi afinyelele izinga lokuxhumana lika-2 Tbit/s noma ngaphezulu. Kuhlanganiswe nezinzuzo ezithile ze-LTOI, ezifana ne-birefringence ephansi kanye nomphumela wesilinganiso ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo kabanzi kwezinye izimakethe zokuhlunga ze-RF, ubuchwepheshe be-lithium tantalate photonics buzohlinzeka ngezixazululo ezingabizi kakhulu, ezinamandla aphansi kanye ne-ultra-high-speed ephezulu yesizukulwane esilandelayo. -speed optical network zokuxhumana kanye microwave photonics izinhlelo.