Imboni yezokuxhumana nge-laser ithuthuka ngokushesha futhi isizongena esikhathini esihle sokuthuthuka
Ukuxhumana nge-Laser kuwuhlobo lwemodi yokuxhumana esebenzisa i-laser ukudlulisa ulwazi. I-Laser wuhlobo olusha lweumthombo wokukhanya, enezici zokukhanya okuphezulu, ukuqondisa okuqinile, i-monochromism enhle nokuhambisana okuqinile. Ngokwe-transmission medium ehlukene, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-atmosphericukuxhumana kwe-laserkanye nokuxhumana kwe-fiber optical. I-Atmospheric laser communication ukuxhumana nge-laser kusetshenziswa umkhathi njengendlela yokudlulisa. I-Optical fibre communication iyindlela yokuxhumana esebenzisa i-optical fibre ukudlulisa amasignali optical.
Uhlelo lokuxhumana nge-laser lunezingxenye ezimbili: ukuthumela nokwamukela. Ingxenye yokudlulisa ngokuyinhloko iqukethe i-laser, i-Optical modulator kanye ne-optical transmitting antenna. Ingxenye eyamukelayo ikakhulukazi ifaka i-antenna yokubona, isihlungi esibonakalayo kanyeIsithwebuli sezithombe. Ulwazi oluzodluliswa luthunyelwa ku-aI-Optical moduleexhunywe ku-laser, eguqula ulwazi ku-laserbese uyithumela ngothi oludlulisa amehlo. Ekupheleni kokwamukela, uthi olubonayo olwamukelayo lwamukela isignali ye-laser futhi iyithumele ku-umtshina optical, eguqula isignali ye-laser ibe isignali kagesi futhi iyiguqule ibe ulwazi lwangempela ngemva kokukhulisa nokwehlisa.
Isathelayithi ngayinye kunethiwekhi yesathelayithi yezokuxhumana enezikhala ehleliwe ye-Pentagon ingaba nezixhumanisi zamalaza ezine ukuze ikwazi ukuxhumana namanye amasathelayithi, izindiza, imikhumbi kanye neziteshi ezingaphansi.Izixhumanisi ze-Opticalphakathi kwamasathelayithi kubalulekile empumelelweni yomlaza webutho lase-US le-low-Earth orbit, ezosetshenziselwa ukuxhumana kwedatha phakathi kwamaplanethi amaningi. Ama-Lasers anganikeza amanani aphezulu wokudlulisela idatha kunokuxhumana kwe-RF evamile, kodwa futhi abiza kakhulu.
Umbutho wezempi waseMelika usanda kunikeza inkontileka ecishe ibe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama- $ 1.8 ngohlelo lwe-126 Constellation oluzokwakhiwa ngokuhlukana yizinkampani zase-US ezithuthukise ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana be-optical optical optical transmission okuhambisa i-point-to-multipoint obungasiza ukunciphisa izindleko zokwakha umlaza ngokunciphisa kakhulu isidingo samatheminali. Uxhumano olusuka kokukodwa kuya kokuningi lufinyelelwa ngedivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-managed optical communication array (i-MOCA ngamafuphi), ehlukile ngokuthi i-modular kakhulu, futhi i-MOCA ephethwe yi-optical communication array inika amandla izixhumanisi ze-optical inter-satellite ukuxhumana namanye amasathelayithi amaningi. Ekuxhumaneni kwe-laser yendabuko, yonke into ikhomba-ephuzwini, ubudlelwano bomuntu nomuntu. Nge-MOCA, isixhumanisi se-inter-satellite optical singakhuluma namasathelayithi ahlukene angama-40. Lobu buchwepheshe abuyona nje inzuzo yokunciphisa izindleko zokwakha izinkanyezi ze-satellite, uma izindleko zama-node zincishisiwe, kunethuba lokuqalisa izakhiwo zenethiwekhi ezihlukene futhi ngaleyo ndlela amazinga esevisi ahlukene.
Esikhathini esithile esidlule, i-satellite ye-Beidou yaseChina yenza ukuhlolwa kokuxhumana kwe-laser, yadlulisela ngempumelelo isignali ngendlela ye-laser esiteshini sokwamukela umhlabathi, okubaluleke kakhulu ekukhulumisaneni ngesivinini esikhulu phakathi kwamanethiwekhi e-satellite esikhathini esizayo, ukusetshenziswa kokuxhumana kwe-laser kungavumela isathelayithi ukuthi idlulisele izinkulungwane zamamegabhithi edatha ngomzuzwana, ijubane lethu lokulanda impilo yansuku zonke le-mega bit kuya kwesekhondi elilodwa, ijubane le-megabit yokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke liyimizuzwana eyishumi. Izivinini zokulanda zingafinyelela kumagigabhayithi ambalwa ngomzuzwana, futhi esikhathini esizayo zingathuthukiswa zibe ama-terabytes.
Njengamanje, uhlelo lwaseChina lokuzulazula lwe-Beidou lusayine izivumelwano zokubambisana namazwe angu-137 emhlabeni jikelele, lunethonya elithile emhlabeni, futhi luzoqhubeka nokwanda esikhathini esizayo, nakuba uhlelo lwaseChina lokuzulazula lwase-Beidou luyisethi yesithathu yohlelo lokuzulazula lwesathelayithi oluvuthiwe, kodwa lunenani elikhulu kunawo wonke lamasathelayithi, ngisho nangaphezu kwenani lamasathelayithi ohlelo lwe-GPS. Njengamanje, uhlelo lokuzulazula lwe-Beidou ludlala indima ebalulekile kuyo yomibili inkundla yezempi kanye nenkundla yabantu. Uma ukuxhumana nge-laser kungenziwa, kuzoletha izindaba ezinhle emhlabeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-05-2023