Ukwethula "uMphefumulo" wama-laser aqinile

Ukwethula "uMphefumulo" wama-laser aqinile

Okujwayelekilei-laser yesimo esiqinileizinto zokwakha

Ingqikithi yanoma iyiphi i-laser yinto esebenza nge-laser, kanye nento esebenza ngesimo esiqinilei-laserempeleni iqinile. Iningi lemidiya ye-laser yesimo esiqinile yakhiwe ngama-crystal matrices nama-athomu ahlanganisiwe noma ama-ion anomsebenzi we-laser, kuyilapho ama-amorphous matrices (ingilazi) engavamile. Intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela i-ceramic kulindeleke ukuthi yandise kakhulu ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-laser ezishibhile nezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezingenziwa ngosayizi omkhulu kakhulu kunowezinto ze-crystal.

Izinto ze-laser ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-core

I-Ruby: Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali yi-aluminium oxide efakwe i-chromium (Cr:Al₂O₃). Ama-rubi okwenziwa anokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okufanayo nama-rubi asezingeni elifanele, kodwa ahlanzekile futhi asezingeni eliphezulu. Abonakala epinki futhi anobude be-laser obungama-nanometer angu-694.3.

2. I-garnet ye-aluminium ye-yttrium efakwe i-Neodymium (Nd:YAG): Ikristalu yokwenziwa, enobude be-laser obungama-nanometer angu-1064, ingeyokukhanya okuseduze kwe-infrared futhi ayibonakali nhlobo futhi ayiphephile emehlweni. I-Nd:YAG okwamanje iyinto ye-laser eqinile esetshenziswa kakhulu, idlula kakhulu i-ruby. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi umkhawulo wayo we-laser uphansi, futhi ingafinyelela amandla aphezulu okukhipha ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo okufaka.

3. I-Neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO₄) Ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi “i-vanadate”, isibe yinto ekhethwayo yama-laser aqinile asebenzisa i-diode-pumped solid-state lasers ngenxa ye-cross-section yayo enkulu ekhuthazwayo, umkhawulo we-laser ophansi kanye nezici zokukhipha ezihlanganisiwe. Ama-wavelength asebenzayo angama-nanometer ayi-1064 nama-nanometer ayi-1340, futhi ngemva kokuphindaphinda kabili, ingakhipha ama-laser anama-wavelength angama-nanometer angu-532 nama-nanometer angu-670.

4. Ingilazi ene-Neodymium (Nd:Glass): Uma isetshenziswa ingilazi engenasimo njenge-matrix, izakhiwo zayo ze-laser zifana neze-Nd:YAG. Inkinga yayo eyinhloko ukuthi ukuhanjiswa kwayo kokushisa kuphansi kakhulu, kuyingxenye eyodwa kuphela yeshumi yekristalu, okwenza kube nzima ukupholisa ezisetshenziswayo zamandla aphezulu. Kodwa-ke, inzuzo yayo iwukuthi ingenziwa ibe yimidiya ye-laser enobubanzi obungaphezu kwefidi elilodwa, ilawula ngempumelelo ubuningi bamandla, igweme ukulimala kwezingxenye ze-optical ezingeni le-kilojoule.i-laser evuvukile, futhi inezindleko eziphansi kakhulu.

Ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ze-laser ze-solid-state, izinto ezifakwe i-erbium: kufaka phakathi i-yttrium aluminium garnet efakwe i-erbium (Er:YAG, ubude bomphetho obungu-2940 nanometers) kanye ne-erbium-doped Glass (Er:Glass, ubude bomphetho obungu-1540 nanometers). Izinto ezifakwe i-Holmium: kufaka phakathi i-holmium doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Ho:YAG), i-holmium doped lithium yttrium fluoride (Ho:YLF), kanye ne-holmium doped Glass (Ho: ingilazi, ubude bomphetho obungu-2000 kuya ku-2100 nanometers). Izinto ezifakwe i-Thulium: kufaka phakathi i-yttrium aluminium garnet efakwe i-thulium (Tm:YAG), i-lutetium aluminium garnet efakwe i-thulium (Tm:LuAG), kanye ne-thulium-holmium co-doped lithium yttrium fluoride (Tm,Ho:YLF, ubude be-output 2000 kuya ku-2030 nanometers). Izinto ezifakwe i-Ytterbium: njenge-ytterbium-doped potassium gadolinium tungstate (Yb:KGW, ubude be-output 1025 kuya ku-1045 nanometers). I-Alexandrite (ubude be-output 655 kuya ku-815 nanometers). I-Titanium-doped Sapphire (Ti:Sapphire, ubude be-output 840 kuya ku-1100 nanometers)