Noma iyiphi into enezinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-zero ophelele ikhipha amandla emkhathini ngendlela yokukhanya kwe-infrared. Ubuchwepheshe bokuzwa obusebenzisa imisebe ye-infrared ukukala amanani afanele angokwenyama bubizwa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokuzwa kwe-infrared.
Ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa ze-infrared bungenye yezobuchwepheshe ezithuthuka ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje, inzwa ye-infrared isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni yezindiza, izinkanyezi, i-meteorology, ezempi, yezimboni kanye neyezomphakathi neminye imikhakha, idlala indima ebalulekile engenakuphikwa. I-infrared, empeleni, uhlobo lwamagagasi emisebe kagesi, ububanzi bawo be-wavelength bungaba ngu-0.78m ~ 1000m ububanzi be-spectrum, ngoba itholakala ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo ngaphandle kokukhanya okubomvu, okubizwa kanjalo nge-infrared. Noma iyiphi into enezinga lokushisa elingaphezu kwe-zero ngokuphelele ikhipha amandla emkhathini ngendlela yokukhanya kwe-infrared. Ubuchwepheshe bokuzwa obusebenzisa imisebe ye-infrared ukukala ubungako obufanele obubonakalayo bubizwa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokuzwa kwe-infrared.
Inzwa ye-infrared ye-Photonic uhlobo lwenzwa esebenza ngokusebenzisa umphumela we-photon wemisebe ye-infrared. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi umphumela we-photon kubhekisela ekutheni uma kwenzeka ingozi ye-infrared kwezinye izinto ze-semiconductor, ukugeleza kwe-photon emisebeni ye-infrared kuhlangana nama-electron ezintweni ze-semiconductor, kushintsha isimo samandla sama-electron, okuholela ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zikagesi. Ngokulinganisa izinguquko ezimpahleni ze-elekthronikhi zezinto ze-semiconductor, ungazi amandla emisebe ye-infrared ehambisanayo. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezitholi ze-photon yi-photodetector yangaphakathi, i-photodetector yangaphandle, i-free carrier detector, i-QWIP quantum well detector njalo njalo. Izitholi ze-photo zangaphakathi zihlukaniswe kabanzi ngohlobo lwe-photoconductive, uhlobo olukhiqiza i-photovolt kanye nohlobo lwe-photomagnetoelectric. Izici eziyinhloko zesitholi se-photon ukuzwela okuphezulu, isivinini sokuphendula okusheshayo, kanye nemvamisa yokuphendula ephezulu, kodwa ububi ukuthi ibhendi yokuthola incane, futhi ngokuvamile isebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi (ukuze kugcinwe ukuzwela okuphezulu, i-nitrogen ewuketshezi noma ifriji ye-thermoelectric ivame ukusetshenziswa ukupholisa isitholi se-photon ibe yizinga lokushisa eliphansi lokusebenza).
Ithuluzi lokuhlaziya izingxenye elisekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-infrared spectrum linezici zokukhanya okuluhlaza, okusheshayo, okungabhubhisi kanye noku-inthanethi, futhi lingenye yentuthuko esheshayo yobuchwepheshe bokuhlaziya obuphezulu emkhakheni we-chemistry yokuhlaziya. Ama-molecule amaningi egesi akhiwe ngama-diatoms angenawo u-asymmetric nama-polyatoms anama-band okumunca ahambisanayo ebhendini yemisebe ye-infrared, futhi ubude be-wavelength kanye namandla okumunca kwama-band okumunca kuhlukile ngenxa yama-molecule ahlukene aqukethwe ezintweni ezilinganisiwe. Ngokuya ngokusatshalaliswa kwama-band okumunca ama-molecule ahlukahlukene egesi kanye namandla okumunca, ukwakheka nokuqukethwe kwama-molecule egesi entweni elinganisiwe kungabonakala. I-infrared gas analyzer isetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa indawo elinganisiwe ngokukhanya kwe-infrared, futhi ngokwezimpawu zokumunca ze-infrared zemidiya ehlukahlukene yama-molecule, kusetshenziswa izici ze-infrared absorption spectrum zegesi, ngokuhlaziywa kwe-spectral ukuze kufezwe ukwakheka kwegesi noma ukuhlaziywa kokuhlushwa.
I-spectrum yokuxilonga ye-hydroxyl, amanzi, i-carbonate, i-Al-OH, i-Mg-OH, i-Fe-OH nezinye izibopho zama-molecule ingatholakala ngokushiswa kwe-infrared kwento eqondiwe, bese kuba indawo yobude be-wavelength, ukujula nobubanzi be-spectrum kungalinganiswa futhi kuhlaziywe ukuze kutholakale izinhlobo zayo, izingxenye kanye nesilinganiso sezakhi ezinkulu zensimbi. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa kokwakheka kwemidiya eqinile kungabonakala.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-04-2023