I-bipolar eguquguqukayoi-modulator yesigaba
Emkhakheni wokuxhumana kwe-optical okusheshayo kanye nobuchwepheshe be-quantum, ama-modulators endabuko abhekene nezingqinamba ezinkulu zokusebenza! Ukungahlanzeki kwesiginali okwanele, ukulawulwa kwesigaba okungaguquki, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla esistimu okuphezulu kakhulu - lezi zinselele zivimbela intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe.
I-Bipolari-electro-optical phase modulatoringafinyelela ukuguquguquka okuqhubekayo kwesigaba sezimpawu zokukhanya okunezigaba ezimbili. Zine-integration ephezulu, ukulahlekelwa okuphansi kokufakwa, i-bandwidth ephezulu yokuguquguquka, i-voltage ephansi ye-half-wave, kanye namandla aphezulu okukhanya. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekulawuleni i-optical chirp ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ze-optical ezisheshayo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesimo esibambene ezinhlelweni zokusabalalisa ukhiye we-quantum. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-sideband ezinhlelweni ze-ROF kanye nokunciphisa ukusabalala kwe-Brillouin okushukumisayo (SBS) ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ze-analog optical fiber, phakathi kwezinye izinkambu.
Ii-modulator yesigaba se-bipolarifinyelela ukulawula okunembile kwesigaba sezimpawu zokukhanya ngokusebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwesigaba okuqhubeka kwezigaba ezimbili, futhi ikakhulukazi ikhombisa inani eliyingqayizivele ekuxhumaneni kwe-optical okusheshayo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokhiye we-quantum.
1. Ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu kanye nomkhawulo womonakalo omkhulu: Isebenzisa umklamo ohlanganisiwe we-monolithic, incane ngobukhulu, futhi isekela amandla okukhanya anomonakalo omkhulu. Ingahambisana ngqo nemithombo ye-laser enamandla aphezulu futhi ifanelekela ukwenziwa kahle kwama-sideband e-millimeter-wave ezinhlelweni ze-ROF (Optical Wireless).
2. Ukucindezela i-Chirp kanye nokuphathwa kwe-SBS: Ekudlulisweni okunejubane eliphezulu, ukulingana kweukuguqulwa kwesigabaingacindezela ngempumelelo ukuciphiza kwezimpawu zokukhanya. Ekuxhumaneni kwe-analog optical fiber, ngokwenza ngcono ukujula kokuguquguquka kwesigaba, umphumela we-Brillouin scattering (SBS) oshukumisayo ungancishiswa kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela wandise ibanga lokudlulisela.
Ekusabalalisweni kwe-quantum key (QKD), isimo sokuxhunywana kwama-photon pairs sisebenza “njengesihluthulelo se-quantum” sokuxhumana okuphephile – ukunemba kokulungiswa kwaso kunquma ngqo isici sokungalaleli kwe-key. “Ukuguquguquka” kwe-bipolar phase modulator kubonakala ekhonweni layo lokulungisa ngokuguquguqukayo amapharamitha esigaba ukuze avumelane nokuphazamiseka kwemvelo kwezixhumanisi ezahlukene ze-optical fiber (njengokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokukhukhuleka kwesigaba okubangelwa ukucindezeleka komshini), okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu kwama-photon pairs axutshiwe. “Ukuzinza” kufezwa ngokulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile kanye nobuchwepheshe bemvamisa yokukhiya isigaba, okucindezela umsindo wesigaba ngaphansi komkhawulo womsindo we-quantum futhi kuvimbele ukungalingani kwezimo ze-quantum ngesikhathi sokudlulisa. Lesi sici esikabili “sokuguquguquka + ukuzinza” asigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa izinga lokusatshalaliswa kokuxhunywa kwebanga elifushane kumanethiwekhi endawo yedolobha (njengezinga lamaphutha amancane elingaphansi kuka-1% ngaphakathi kwamakhilomitha angu-50), kodwa futhi sisekela ubuqotho bama-key ekudlulisweni kwebanga elide kumanethiwekhi aphakathi kwamadolobha (njengamakhilomitha angaphezu kwekhulu emadolobheni), okuba yingxenye eyisisekelo yokwakha inethiwekhi yokuxhumana ye-quantum “ephephile ngokuphelele”.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-22-2025