Uchungechunge lwe-Eo Modulator: Kungani i-lithium niobate ibizwa ngokuthi i-optical silicon

I-Lithium niobate yaziwa nangokuthi i-optical silicon. Kukhona isisho esithi “i-lithium niobate iwukuxhumana kwe-optical lokho i-silicon eyikho kuma-semiconductors.” Ukubaluleka kwe-silicon ekuguqukeni kwe-elekthronikhi, ngakho-ke yini eyenza imboni ibe nethemba kangaka ngezinto ze-lithium niobate?

I-Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) yaziwa ngokuthi “i-silicon ebonakalayo” embonini. Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zemvelo ezifana nokuzinza okuhle ngokomzimba namakhemikhali, ifasitela elibanzi elibonakalayo (0.4m ~ 5m), kanye ne-electro-optical coefficient enkulu (33 = 27 pm/V), i-lithium niobate nayo uhlobo lwekristalu olunemithombo eminingi yezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nentengo ephansi. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezihlungini ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, amadivayisi e-electro-optical, isitoreji se-holographic, isibonisi se-holographic se-3D, amadivayisi e-optical angewona aqondile, ukuxhumana kwe-quantum optical njalo njalo. Emkhakheni wokuxhumana kwe-optical, i-lithium niobate idlala indima yokuguqulwa kokukhanya, futhi isibe umkhiqizo oyinhloko ku-modulator ye-electro-optical esheshayo yamanje (I-Eo Modulator) imakethe.

Njengamanje, kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe bokushintshashintsha kokukhanya embonini: ama-modulators e-electro-optical (i-Eo Modulator) asekelwe ekukhanyeni kwe-silicon, i-indium phosphide kanyei-lithium niobateamapulatifomu ezinto ezibonakalayo. I-Silicon optical modulator isetshenziswa kakhulu kumamojula we-transceiver wokuxhumana kwedatha yebanga elifushane, i-indium phosphide modulator isetshenziswa kakhulu kumamojula we-transceiver wenethiwekhi yokuxhumana ye-optical yebanga eliphakathi nelide, kanti i-lithium niobate electro-optical modulator (i-Eo Modulator) isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuxhumaneni okuhlangene kwenethiwekhi ye-backbone yebanga elide kanye nezikhungo zedatha ze-ultra-high-speed ezingamagagasi angu-100/200Gbps. Phakathi kwamapulatifomu amathathu ezinto ze-modulator yejubane eliphezulu kakhulu angenhla, i-thin film lithium niobate modulator evele eminyakeni yamuva inenzuzo ye-bandwidth ezinye izinto ezingenakukwazi ukuyifanisa.

I-Lithium niobate uhlobo lwento engaphili, ifomula yamakhemikhaliI-LiNbO3, iyikristalu engemihle, ikristalu ye-ferroelectric, ikristalu ye-lithium niobate ehlanganisiwe ene-piezoelectric, i-ferroelectric, i-photoelectric, i-nonlinear optics, i-thermoelectric nezinye izakhiwo zezinto, ngasikhathi sinye nomphumela we-photorefractive. Ikristalu ye-lithium niobate ingenye yezinto ezintsha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, iyimpahla yokushintshana kwamandla e-piezoelectric enhle, izinto ze-ferroelectric, izinto ze-electro-optical, i-lithium niobate njengoba izinto ze-electro-optical ekuxhumaneni kwe-optical zidlala indima ekushintsheni kokukhanya.

Izinto ze-lithium niobate, ezaziwa ngokuthi “i-optical silicon”, zisebenzisa inqubo yakamuva ye-micro-nano ukuze zishise ungqimba lwe-silicon dioxide (SiO2) ku-silicon substrate, zibophe i-lithium niobate substrate ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze zakhe indawo eqhekekile, bese ekugcineni zikhipha ifilimu ye-lithium niobate. I-lithium niobate modulator yefilimu encane elungisiwe inezinzuzo zokusebenza okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi, usayizi omncane, ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, kanye nokuhambisana nobuchwepheshe be-CMOS, futhi iyisisombululo sokuncintisana sokuxhumana kwe-optical okusheshayo esikhathini esizayo.

Uma isikhungo soguquko lwe-elekthronikhi siqanjwe ngezinto ze-silicon ezenze kwaba nokwenzeka, khona-ke uguquko lwe-photonics lungalandelwa ezintweni ze-lithium niobate, ezaziwa ngokuthi “i-silicon ekhanyayo” i-lithium niobate iyinto esobala engenambala ehlanganisa imiphumela ye-photorefractive, imiphumela engeyona eqondile, imiphumela ye-electro-optical, imiphumela ye-acousto-optical, imiphumela ye-piezoelectric kanye nemiphumela yokushisa. Izakhiwo zayo eziningi zingalawulwa ukwakheka kwekristalu, i-doping yezakhi, ukulawulwa kwesimo se-valence nezinye izinto. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ukulungiselela i-optical waveguide, i-optical switch, i-piezoelectric modulator,i-modulator ye-electro-optical, ijeneretha yesibili ye-harmonic, i-laser frequency multiplier kanye neminye imikhiqizo. Embonini yokuxhumana kwe-optical, ama-modulators ayimakethe yesicelo ebalulekile ye-lithium niobate.