Irekhodi le-photodetector ye-silicon emnyama: ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum yangaphandle kufika ku-132%

I-silicon emnyamaumshini wokuthola izithombeirekhodi: ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum yangaphandle kufika ku-132%

Ngokusho kwemibiko yabezindaba, abacwaningi e-Aalto University bathuthukise idivayisi ye-optoelectronic esebenza kahle nge-quantum yangaphandle efinyelela ku-132%. Lokhu okungalindelekile kufezwe ngokusebenzisa i-silicon emnyama eyakhiwe ngendlela engavamile, okungaba yintuthuko enkulu kumaseli elanga kanye nezinye izinto.ama-photodetectorsUma idivayisi ye-photovoltaic ecatshangelwayo inamandla angaphandle e-quantum angamaphesenti ayi-100, lokho kusho ukuthi yonke i-photon eyishayayo ikhiqiza i-electron, eqoqwa njengogesi ngesekethe.

Futhi le divayisi entsha ayigcini nje ngokufeza ukusebenza kahle okungu-100%, kodwa futhi ingaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-100. U-132% usho isilinganiso sama-electron angu-1.32 nge-photon ngayinye. Isebenzisa i-silicon emnyama njengento esebenzayo futhi ine-cone kanye ne-columnar nanostructure engakwazi ukumunca ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet.

Kusobala ukuthi awukwazi ukudala ama-electron engeziwe angu-0.32 emoyeni omncane, phela, i-physics ithi amandla awakwazi ukudalwa emoyeni omncane, ngakho-ke lawa ma-electron engeziwe avelaphi?

Konke kuncike esimisweni sokusebenza esijwayelekile sezinto ze-photovoltaic. Uma i-photon yokukhanya kwesigameko ishaya into esebenzayo, ngokuvamile i-silicon, ikhipha i-electron kwenye yama-athomu. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, i-photon enamandla aphezulu ingakhipha ama-electron amabili ngaphandle kokwephula noma yimiphi imithetho yefiziksi.

Akungabazeki ukuthi ukusebenzisa lesi simo kungaba usizo kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukwakheka kwamaseli elanga. Ezintweni eziningi ze-optoelectronic, ukusebenza kahle kulahleka ngezindlela eziningi, okuhlanganisa nalapho ama-photon ekhishwa kudivayisi noma ama-electron ehlangana “nezimbobo” ezisele kuma-athomu ngaphambi kokuba aqoqwe yisekethe.

Kodwa ithimba lika-Aalto lithi selisuse kakhulu lezo zithiyo. I-silicon emnyama imunca ama-photon amaningi kunezinye izinto, kanti izakhiwo ezincane nezinezinsika zinciphisa ukuhlanganiswa kwama-electron ebusweni bezinto.

Sekukonke, lezi ntuthuko zenze ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum kwangaphandle kwedivayisi kufinyelele ku-130%. Imiphumela yethimba iqinisekiswe ngokuzimela yi-National Metrology Institute yaseJalimane, i-PTB (German Federal Institute of Physics).

Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, lokhu kusebenza kahle kwamarekhodi kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwanoma iyiphi i-photodetector, okuhlanganisa amaseli elanga nezinye izinzwa zokukhanya, futhi i-detector entsha isivele isetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano.