Irekhodi elimnyama le-silicon photodetector: ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum yangaphandle kufika ku-132%

I-silicon emnyamai-photodetectorirekhodi: ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum yangaphandle kufika ku-132%

Ngokwemibiko yabezindaba, abacwaningi base-Aalto University benze idivayisi ye-optoelectronic ene-quantum yangaphandle esebenza kahle efinyelela ku-132%. Lokhu okungalindelekile kwafezwa kusetshenziswa i-silicon emnyama ene-nanostructured, engaba impumelelo enkulu yamaseli elanga nezinye.ama-photodetectors. Uma idivayisi ye-photovoltaic ecatshangelwayo inokusebenza kwe-quantum yangaphandle okungamaphesenti angu-100, lokho kusho ukuthi yonke i-photon eyishayayo ikhiqiza i-electron, eqoqwe njengogesi ngokusebenzisa isekethe.

Futhi le divayisi entsha ayizuzi kuphela ukusebenza kahle kwamaphesenti angu-100, kodwa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-100. I-132% isho isilinganiso sama-electron angu-1.32 nge-photon ngayinye. Isebenzisa i-silicon emnyama njengento esebenzayo futhi ine-cone kanye ne-columnar nanostructure ekwazi ukumunca ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet.

Ngokusobala awukwazi ukwakha ama-electron angu-0,32 engeziwe emoyeni omncane, phela, i-physics ithi amandla ngeke adalwe ngomoya omncane, ngakho lawa ma-electron engeziwe avelaphi?

Konke kwehla kumgomo ojwayelekile wokusebenza wezinto ze-photovoltaic. Uma i-photon yokukhanya kwesigameko ishaya into esebenzayo, ngokuvamile i-silicon, ikhipha i-electron kwenye yama-athomu. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, i-photon ephezulu yamandla ingakhipha ama-electron amabili ngaphandle kokuphula noma yimiphi imithetho ye-physics.

Akungabazeki ukuthi ukusebenzisa lesi senzakalo kungaba usizo kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana elanga. Ezintweni eziningi ze-optoelectronic, ukusebenza kahle kulahleka ngezindlela eziningi, okuhlanganisa lapho ama-photon eboniswa edivayisini noma ama-electron aphinde ahlangane “nezimbobo” ezishiywe kuma-athomu ngaphambi kokuba aqoqwe yisekhethi.

Kodwa iqembu lika-Aalto lithi lisuse kakhulu lezo zithiyo. I-silicon emnyama imunca ama-photon amaningi kunezinye izinto, futhi ama-tapered and columnar nanostructures anciphisa ukuhlangana kabusha kwama-electron endaweni yezinto.

Sekukonke, lokhu kuthuthuka kwenze ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum yangaphandle kwedivayisi ukuthi kufinyelele ku-130%. Imiphumela yeqembu ize yaqinisekiswa ngokuzimela yiNational Metrology Institute yaseJalimane, iPTB (German Federal Institute of Physics).

Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, lokhu kusebenza kahle kwerekhodi kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwanoma iyiphi i-photodetector, kuhlanganise namaseli elanga nezinye izinzwa zokukhanya, futhi umtshina omusha usuvele usetshenziselwa ukuhweba.