I-photodetector ye-avalanche enezinhlangothi ezimbili ye-bipolar

I-Bipolar enezinhlangothi ezimbiliumshini wokuthola izithombe we-avalanche

I-photodetector ye-avalanche enezinhlangothi ezimbili eguquguqukayo ( bipolar two-dimensional avalanche photodetector )Isitholi sezithombe se-APD) ifinyelela ekutholakaleni komsindo ophansi kakhulu kanye nokuzwela okuphezulu

Ukutholwa kokuzwela okuphezulu kwama-photon ambalwa noma ngisho nama-photon angawodwa kunamathuba abalulekile okusetshenziswa emikhakheni efana nokuthwebula ukukhanya okubuthakathaka, ukuzwa kude kanye ne-telemetry, kanye nokuxhumana kwe-quantum. Phakathi kwazo, i-avalanche photodetector (APD) isibe yisiqondiso esibalulekile emkhakheni wocwaningo lwedivayisi ye-optoelectronic ngenxa yezici zayo zobukhulu obuncane, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nokuhlanganiswa okulula. Isilinganiso sesignali-kuya-kumsindo (SNR) siyisibonakaliso esibalulekile se-APD photodetector, esidinga inzuzo ephezulu kanye nomswakama omnyama ophansi. Ucwaningo mayelana nokuhlangana kwe-van der Waals kwezinto ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili (2D) lubonisa amathuba abanzi ekuthuthukisweni kwama-APD asebenza kahle kakhulu. Abacwaningi baseShayina bakhethe i-bipolar two-dimensional semiconductor material WSe₂ njengezinto ezithinta ukukhanya futhi balungiselela ngokucophelela i-APD photodetector enesakhiwo se-Pt/WSe₂/Ni esinomsebenzi wokusebenza ohambisana kahle kakhulu, ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yomsindo wokuzuza we-APD photodetector yendabuko.

Ithimba locwaningo liphakamise i-avalanche photodetector esekelwe kwisakhiwo se-Pt/WSe₂/Ni, esithole ukutholakala okubucayi kakhulu kwezibonakaliso zokukhanya ezibuthakathaka kakhulu ezingeni le-fW ekushiseni kwegumbi. Bakhethe i-WSe₂ yezinto ze-semiconductor ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili, ezinezakhiwo zikagesi ezinhle kakhulu, futhi bahlanganisa izinto ze-Pt ne-Ni electrode ukuze bathuthukise ngempumelelo uhlobo olusha lwe-avalanche photodetector. Ngokwenza ngcono ngokunembile ukufana komsebenzi phakathi kwe-Pt, WSe₂ ne-Ni, kwaklanywa indlela yokuthutha engavimba ngempumelelo abathwali abamnyama ngenkathi ivumela ngokukhethekile abathwali abakhiqizwa nge-photo ukuba badlule. Le ndlela inciphisa kakhulu umsindo owedlulele obangelwa yi-ionization yomthelela we-carrier, okwenza i-photodetector ikwazi ukuthola ukutholakala kwesignali yokukhanya okubucayi kakhulu ezingeni lomsindo ophansi kakhulu.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuze kucaciswe indlela esebenza ngayo ngemuva komphumela we-avalanche obangelwa yinsimu kagesi ebuthakathaka, abacwaningi baqale bahlola ukuhambisana kwemisebenzi yokusebenza engokwemvelo yezinsimbi ezahlukahlukene ne-WSe₂. Uchungechunge lwamadivayisi ensimbi-semiconductor-metal (MSM) anama-electrode ensimbi ahlukene lwenziwa futhi kwenziwa izivivinyo ezifanele kuwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokunciphisa ukuhlakazeka kwenkampani ngaphambi kokuba i-avalanche iqale, ukungahleleki kwe-ionization yomthelela kungancishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe umsindo. Ngakho-ke, kwenziwa izivivinyo ezifanele. Ukuze kuboniswe kabanzi ukuphakama kwe-Pt/WSe₂/Ni APD ngokwezimpawu zokuphendula kwesikhathi, abacwaningi baphinde bahlola i-bandwidth ye--3 dB yedivayisi ngaphansi kwamanani ahlukene okuthola i-photoelectric.

Imiphumela yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi i-Pt/WSe₂/Ni detector ibonisa amandla alinganayo omsindo aphansi kakhulu (NEP) ekushiseni kwegumbi, okuyi-8.07 fW/√Hz kuphela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-detector ingakwazi ukubona izimpawu zokukhanya ezibuthakathaka kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le divayisi ingasebenza ngokuzinzile ngemvamisa yokushintshashintsha engu-20 kHz ngenzuzo ephezulu engu-5×10⁵, ixazulula ngempumelelo i-bottleneck yobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic detectors yendabuko okunzima ukulinganisela inzuzo ephezulu kanye ne-bandwidth. Lesi sici kulindeleke ukuthi sisinikeze izinzuzo ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga inzuzo ephezulu kanye nomsindo ophansi.

Lolu cwaningo lubonisa indima ebalulekile yobunjiniyela bezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokwenza ngcono isikhombikubona ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kweama-photodetectorsNgokuklanywa ngobuhlakani kwama-electrode nezinto zokwakha ezinezilinganiso ezimbili, kufezwe umphumela wokuvikela wezinto ezithwala ubumnyama, okunciphisa kakhulu ukuphazamiseka komsindo futhi kwathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuthola.

Ukusebenza kwalesi sitholi akubonakali nje kuphela ezicini ze-photoelectric, kodwa futhi kunamathuba amaningi okusetshenziswa. Ngokuvimba kwaso okuphumelelayo komoya omnyama ekushiseni kwegumbi kanye nokumuncwa okuphumelelayo kwezithwali ezikhiqizwa yi-photo, lesi sitholi sifaneleka kakhulu ekutholeni izimpawu zokukhanya ezibuthakathaka emikhakheni efana nokuqapha indawo, ukubuka izinkanyezi, kanye nokuxhumana kwe-optical. Le mpumelelo yocwaningo ayinikezi nje kuphela imibono emisha yokuthuthukiswa kwezitholi ze-photo ezisezingeni eliphansi, kodwa futhi inikeza izinkomba ezintsha zocwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi e-optoelectronic asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi anamandla aphansi.