Imingcele yesici esiyisisekelo sesignali ye-opticalama-photodetectors:
Ngaphambi kokuhlola izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-photodetectors, imingcele yesici sokusebenza kokusebenza kweoptical signal photodetectorszifinyezwa. Lezi zici zifaka ukusabela, ukusabela kwe-spectral, amandla afanayo nomsindo (i-NEP), ukutholwa okuthile, kanye nokutholwa okuthile. D*), ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum, nesikhathi sokuphendula.
1. Ukusabela i-Rd isetshenziselwa ukubonisa ukuzwela kokusabela kocingo kumandla emisebe yokubona. Imelelwa isilinganiso sesignali ephumayo nesiginali yesigameko. Lesi sici asibonisi izici zomsindo zedivayisi, kodwa kuphela ukusebenza kahle kokuguqula amandla emisebe kagesi abe awamanje noma amandla kagesi. Ngakho-ke, ingase ihluke ngobude begagasi besignali yokukhanya kwesigameko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici zokuphendula amandla nazo ziwumsebenzi wokuchema okusetshenzisiwe kanye nezinga lokushisa elizungezile.
2. Isici sempendulo ye-spectral iyipharamitha ebonisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwesici sokuphendula amandla se-optical signal detector kanye nomsebenzi we-wavelength wesignali ye-optical yesigameko. Izici zokuphendula ezibukekayo zama-photodetectors wesignali ye-optical kumaza wamaza ahlukene zivame ukuchazwa ngobuningi “ngejika lokuphendula le-spectral”. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izici zokuphendula eziphakeme kakhulu kuphela ze-spectral ku-curve zilinganiswa ngenani eliphelele, futhi ezinye izici zokuphendula ze-spectral kuma-wavelengths ahlukene zivezwa ngamavelu ahlobene ajwayelekile asekelwe enanini eliphakeme kakhulu lezimpawu zokusabela kwe-spectral.
3. Amandla alingana nomsindo amandla esignali yokukhanya yesigameko adingekayo lapho ivolumu yesignali yokuphumayo ekhiqizwe umtshina wesignali yokubona ilingana nezinga levolumu yomsindo wedivayisi ngokwayo. Yisici esiyinhloko esinquma ubuncane besignali ye-optical intensity engalinganiswa ngomtshina wesiginali ye-optical, okungukuthi, ukuzwela kokutholwa.
4. Ukuzwela okuqondile kokuthola ipharamitha yesici ebonisa izici ezingokwemvelo zezinto ezithinta izithombe zomtshina. Imele ukuminyana kwamanje kwe-photon yesigameko esiphansi kakhulu esingalinganiswa ngomtshina wesignali obonakalayo. Inani layo lingahluka ngokuya ngezimo zokusebenza zesitholi sobude beza besignali yokukhanya elinganisiwe (njengezinga lokushisa elizungezile, ukuchema okusetshenzisiwe, njll.). Uma umkhawulokudonsa womtshina umkhulu, indawo yomtshina wesiginali ye-optical iba nkulu, iba mncane amandla alingana nomsindo we-NEP, kanye nokuzwela kokubona okuthile. Ukuzwela okukhethekile okuphezulu okuphezulu komtshina kusho ukuthi ifanele ukutholwa kwamasignali abonakalayo abuthaka kakhulu.
5. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-Quantum Q kungenye ipharamitha yesici esibalulekile se-optical signal detector. Ichazwa njengesilinganiso senani “lezimpendulo” ezingalinganiseka ezikhiqizwe i-photomon kumtshina ukuya kunombolo yesigameko sama-photons ebusweni bezinto ezizwelayo. Isibonelo, kuzitholi zesignali yokukhanya ezisebenza ekukhiqizweni kwe-photon, ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum isilinganiso senani lama-photoelectron akhishwa endaweni yezinto ezizwelayo ukuya kunombolo yamaphothoni wesignali elinganisiwe evezwe phezulu. Kumtshina wesignali obonayo kusetshenziswa okokusebenza kwe-pn junction semiconductor njengento ezwelayo, ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum komtshina kubalwa ngokuhlukanisa inani lamapheya embobo yama-electron akhiqizwe isignali yokukhanya elinganisiwe ngenombolo yezithombe zesignali yesigameko. Okunye ukumela okuvamile kokusebenza kahle kwe-quantum komtshina wesiginali ye-optical ngokusebenzisa i-Rd yokusabela komtshina.
6. Isikhathi sokuphendula siyipharamitha ebalulekile ekhombisa ijubane lokuphendula lomtshina wesiginali ye-optical ekushintsheni kokuqina kwesignali yokukhanya elinganisiwe. Uma isignali yokukhanya elinganisiwe ishintshwa ibe yindlela yokushaya okukhanyayo, ukuqina kwesignali kagesi eshayelayo ekhiqizwa isenzo sawo kumtshina kudingeka "ikhuphuke" iye "eqophelweni eliphezulu" elihambisanayo ngemva kwesikhathi esithile sokuphendula, futhi isuke "esiqongweni" bese ibuyela emuva "kuvelu enguziro" yokuqala ehambisana nesenzo se-pulse yokukhanya. Ukuze uchaze impendulo yomtshina ekushintsheni kokuqina kwesiginali yokukhanya elinganisiwe, isikhathi lapho ukuqina kwesiginali kagesi ekhiqizwe ishayela lokukhanya kwesigameko kuphakama kusuka kunani layo eliphakeme kakhulu lika-10% kuya ku-90% kubizwa ngokuthi "isikhathi sokukhuphuka", futhi isikhathi lapho i-wave wave waveform yesignali kagesi iwa isuka enanini layo eliphakeme kakhulu lika-90% kuya ku-10% isikhathi esibizwa ngokuthi "isikhathi esingu-100%".
7. Umugqa wokuphendula ungenye ipharamitha yesici esibalulekile ebonisa ubudlelwano bokusebenza phakathi kokuphendula komtshina wesiginali ye-optical kanye nokuqina kwesiginali yokukhanya elinganisiwe. Kudinga okukhiphayo kweumtshina wesiginali opticalukuze ilingane phakathi kwebanga elithile lokuqina kwesignali yokubona elinganisiwe. Ngokuvamile kuchazwa ukuthi ukuchezuka kwephesenti ukusuka kumugqa wokuphumayo-kokufaka phakathi kwebanga elishiwo lomfutho wesignali yokubona okokufaka kuwumugqa wokuphendula womtshina wesiginali yokubona.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-12-2024