Ilabhorethri ye-laserulwazi lokuphepha
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yemboni ye-laser,ubuchwepheshe be-lasersekuyingxenye engahlukaniseki yensimu yocwaningo lwesayensi, imboni kanye nokuphila. Kubantu abasebenza nge-photoelectric ababandakanyeka embonini ye-laser, ukuphepha kwe-laser kuhlobene kakhulu nama-laboratories, amabhizinisi kanye nabantu ngabanye, futhi ukugwema ukulimala kwe-laser kubasebenzisi sekuyinto eza kuqala.
A. Izinga lokuphepha lei-laser
Iklasi 1
1. Isigaba 1: Amandla e-laser < 0.5mW. I-laser ephephile.
2. I-Class1M: Akukho monakalo ekusetshenzisweni okuvamile. Uma usebenzisa izibukeli ezibonakalayo njengezibonakude noma izibuko ezincane zokukhulisa, kuzoba nezingozi ezingaphezu komkhawulo we-Class1.
Iklasi 2
1, Isigaba 2: amandla e-laser ≤1mW. Ukuchayeka ngokushesha ngaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-0.25 kuphephile, kodwa ukuyibuka isikhathi eside kakhulu kungaba yingozi.
2, I-Class2M: kuphela ngeso lenyama elingaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-0.25 ukushiswa kwemisebe okusheshayo kuphephile, uma kusetshenziswa amateleskopu noma ingilazi encane yokukhulisa kanye nomunye umqapheli we-optical, kuzoba nomonakalo ongaphezu kwenani lomkhawulo we-Class2.
Iklasi 3
1, Isigaba 3R: amandla e-laser 1mW~5mW. Uma libonakala isikhashana nje, iso lomuntu lizodlala indima ethile yokuvikela ekukhanyeni kokukhanya okuvikelayo, kodwa uma indawo yokukhanya ingena esweni lomuntu lapho igxile, izobangela umonakalo esweni lomuntu.
2, Isigaba 3B: amandla e-laser angu-5mW ~ 500mW. Uma kungabangela umonakalo emehlweni uma ubheka ngqo noma ukhombisa, ngokuvamile kuphephile ukubona ukubonakalisa okusabalele, futhi kunconywa ukugqoka izibuko zokuvikela ze-laser uma usebenzisa leli zinga le-laser.
Iklasi 4
Amandla e-laser: > 500mW. Kuyingozi emehlweni nasesikhumbeni, kodwa futhi kungalimaza izinto eziseduze ne-laser, kuthungele izinto ezivuthayo, futhi kudingeke ugqoke izibuko ze-laser uma usebenzisa leli zinga le-laser.
B. Ukulimala nokuvikelwa kwe-laser emehlweni
Amehlo ayingxenye esengozini kakhulu yesitho somuntu ekulimaleni nge-laser. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yezinto eziphilayo ye-laser inganqwabelana, noma ngabe ukuvezwa kanye kuphela kungabangeli umonakalo, kodwa ukuvezwa kaningi kungabangela umonakalo, izisulu zokuvezwa nge-laser esweni ngokuphindaphindiwe zivame ukungabi nezikhalazo ezisobala, zizwa kuphela ukwehla kancane kancane kombono.Isibani se-laserimboza wonke amaza okukhanya kusukela ku-ultraviolet eyeqile kuya ku-infrared ekude. Izibuko ezivikela nge-laser zihlobo lwezibuko ezikhethekile ezingavimbela noma zinciphise umonakalo we-laser esweni lomuntu, futhi zingamathuluzi ayisisekelo abalulekile ekuhlolweni okuhlukahlukene kwe-laser.
C. Ungazikhetha kanjani izibuko ze-laser ezifanele?
1, vikela ibhendi ye-laser
Nquma ukuthi ufuna ukuvikela ubude be-wavelength obubodwa noma ubude be-wavelength obuningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Iningi lezibuko zokuvikela ze-laser zingavikela ubude be-wavelength obubodwa noma ngaphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi inhlanganisela ye-wavelength ehlukene ingakhetha izibuko zokuvikela ze-laser ezihlukene.
2, OD: ukuminyana kwe-optical (inani lokuvikelwa kwe-laser), T: ukudluliselwa kwebhendi yokuvikela
Ama-laser protective goggles angahlukaniswa amazinga e-OD1+ kuya ku-OD7+ ngokwezinga lokuvikela (uma inani le-OD liphakeme, kulapho ukuphepha kuphakeme). Lapho sikhetha, kumelwe sinake inani le-OD eliboniswe kubhangqa ngalinye lezibuko, futhi asikwazi ukushintsha yonke imikhiqizo yokuvikela ye-laser ngelensi eyodwa yokuvikela.
3, i-VLT: ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okubonakalayo (ukukhanya okuzungezile)
"Ukudlulisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo" kuvame ukuba ngenye yemingcele enganakwa kalula lapho kukhethwa izibuko zokuvikela ze-laser. Ngenkathi kuvimbela i-laser, isibuko sokuvikela se-laser sizovimba nengxenye yokukhanya okubonakalayo, okuthinta ukubonwa. Khetha ukudlulisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo okuphezulu (njenge-VLT>50%) ukuze kube lula ukubonwa ngqo kwezehlakalo zokuhlola ze-laser noma ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser; Khetha ukudlulisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo okuphansi, okufanele ukukhanya okubonakalayo, izikhathi ezinamandla kakhulu.
Qaphela: Iso lomqhubi we-laser alikwazi ukuqondiswa ngqo emsebeni we-laser noma ekukhanyeni kwawo okubonakalayo, noma ngabe ukugqoka isibuko esivikela i-laser akukwazi ukubheka ngqo emsebeni (ubheke ohlangothini lokukhishwa kwe-laser).
D. Ezinye izindlela zokuzivikela kanye nokuvikela
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-laser
1, uma besebenzisa i-laser, abahloli kufanele basuse izinto ezinezindawo ezikhanyayo (njengamawashi, amasongo namabheji, njll., okuyimithombo enamandla yokukhanya) ukuze bagweme umonakalo obangelwa ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
2, ikhethini le-laser, i-baffle yokukhanya, umqoqi we-beam, njll., kungavimbela ukusabalala kwe-laser kanye nokubonakaliswa okulahlekile. Isivikelo sokuphepha se-laser singavala umqadi we-laser ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile, futhi silawule ukushintsha kwe-laser ngesivikelo sokuphepha se-laser ukuvimbela umonakalo we-laser.
E. Ukubekwa kanye nokuqaphelwa nge-laser
1, ngomsebe we-laser we-infrared, ultraviolet ongabonakali esweni lomuntu, ungacabangi ukuthi ukwehluleka kwe-laser kanye nokubuka iso, ukubheka, ukubeka kanye nokuhlola kumele kusebenzise ikhadi lokubonisa le-infrared/ultraviolet noma ithuluzi lokubuka.
2, ngokukhishwa kwe-fiber coupled ye-laser, ukuhlolwa kwe-fiber okubanjwe ngesandla, ngeke nje kuthinte imiphumela yokuhlola kanye nokuqina, ukubekwa okungafanele noma ukuklwebheka okubangelwa ukufuduka kwe-fiber, isiqondiso sokuphuma kwe-laser ngasikhathi sinye sishintshiwe, kuzoletha nezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha kubahloli. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-optical fiber bracket ukulungisa i-optical fiber akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuzinza, kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokuhlolwa ngezinga elikhulu.
F. Gwema ingozi nokulahlekelwa
1. Akuvunyelwe ukubeka izinto ezivuthayo neziqhumayo endleleni lapho i-laser idlula khona.
2, amandla aphezulu e-laser e-pulsed aphezulu kakhulu, okungase kubangele umonakalo ezingxenyeni zokuhlola. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa umkhawulo wokumelana nomonakalo wezingxenye, ukuhlolwa kungagwema ukulahlekelwa okungadingekile kusengaphambili.