Muva nje, ukuphenywa komoya wase-US kuqedele isivivinyo sokuxhumana se-laser esijulile ngezindawo zomhlaba ezingena kumakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-16, ukusetha irekhodi elisha lokuxhumana lendawo. Ngakho-ke ziyini izinzuzo zeUkuxhumana kwe-Laser? Ngokusekelwe kwimigomo yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezidingo ze-mission, ziphi ubunzima okudingeka ukunqobe? Yiliphi ithemba lohlelo lwayo emkhakheni wokuhlola isikhala esijulile ngokuzayo?
Ukuqhekeka kwezobuchwepheshe, ungesabi izinselelo
Ukuhlola isikhala esijulile kungumsebenzi oyinselele kakhulu phakathi kwabaphenyi be-Space Ukuhlola indawo yonke. Izimo zidinga ukuwela isikhala esikude kakhulu se-intersterllar, zinqobe izindawo ezimbi kakhulu kanye nezimo ezinzima, zithola futhi zidlulisele idatha ebalulekile, futhi ubuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana budlala indima ebalulekile.
Umdwebo we-schematic weUkuxhumana okujulile kwe-laserbahlole phakathi kophenyo lwe-satellite lomoya kanye nomhlaba wokugcina
Ngo-Okthoba 13, uphenyo lomoya lwaqalwa, luqala uhambo lokuhlola oluzohlala okungenani iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Ekuqaleni kwe-mission, yasebenza ne-hale telescope ePoomrar ebonakalayo e-United States ukuvivinya ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwe-laser ejulile, kusetshenziswa amakhodi we-laser aseduzane ukuxhumana nedatha namaqembu emhlabeni. Kuze kube manje, umtshina kanye nemishini yayo yokuxhumana ye-laser kudinga ukunqoba okungenani izinhlobo ezine zobunzima. Ngokulandelana, ibanga elikude, i-attenuation yesiginali nokuphazamiseka, umkhawulo we-bandwidth nokubambezeleka, ukukhawulelwa kwamandla nezinkinga zokunciphisa ukushisa kufanele. Abaphenyi baye belindele isikhathi eside futhi balungiselela lobu bunzima, futhi baphule uchungechunge lobuchwepheshe obubalulekile, babeka isisekelo esihle sophenyo lomoya ukwenza izivivinyo zokuxhumana ze-laser ezijulile.
Okokuqala, umtshina womoya usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa idatha ephezulu, ugongolo lwe-laser olukhethiwe njengokuhambisa okuphakathi, okufakwe aI-laser ephezulu yamandlaukudlulisa, ukusebenzisa izinzuzo zeUkudluliselwa kwe-LaserUkukala nokuqina okuphezulu, ukuzama ukusungula izixhumanisi zokuxhumana ze-laser endaweni ejulile yesikhala.
Okwesibili, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthembeka kanye nokuqina kokuxhumana, umtshina womoya wamukela ubuchwepheshe obusebenzayo be-Coding, obungafezekisa izinga lokudlulisa idatha eliphakeme ngaphakathi kwe-bandwidth ekhawulelwe ngokwakhiwa amakhodi wedatha. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunganciphisa isilinganiso sephutha elincane futhi kuthuthukise ukunemba kokudluliselwa kwedatha ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulungiswa kwephutha lokudlulisela phambili.
Okwesithathu, ngosizo lokuhlelela ngobuhlakani kanye nokulawula ubuchwepheshe, ucwaningo lubona ukusetshenziswa okuhle kwezinsiza zokuxhumana. Ubuchwepheshe bungashintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo amaphrothokholi wokuxhumana namanani okuhambisa ngokuya ngezinguquko kwizidingo zomsebenzi nendawo yokuxhumana, ngaleyo ndlela uqinisekise imiphumela engcono kakhulu yokuxhumana ngaphansi kwezimo zamandla ezinqunyelwe.
Ekugcineni, ukuze uthuthukise amandla okwamukela iziginali, uphenyo ngoMoya lusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokwamukela ama-muaml-beam. Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisa ama-antennas amaningi athola ukuze wakhe u-array, ongaqhakambisa ukuzwela kokuthola nokuqina kwesiginali, bese ugcina ukuxhumana okuzinzile endaweni ejulile yendawo ejulile.
Izinzuzo zisobala, zifihlwe emfihlakalo
Umhlaba wangaphandle akunzima ukuthola ukuthii-laserIngabe into eyisisekelo yokuhlolwa kokuxhumana okujulile kwesikhala somoya womoya, ngakho-ke yiziphi izinzuzo ezithile ze-laser ezifanele zisize inqubekela phambili enkulu yokuxhumana okujulile? Yini imfihlakalo?
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isidingo esikhulayo sedatha enkulu, izithombe eziphezulu nezithombe zamavidiyo ezindawo zokuhlola isikhala esijulile zizodinga amanani okuhambisa idatha aphezulu okuxhumana okujulile kwendawo. Lapho ebhekene nebanga lokuhambisa ukuxhumana okuvame "ukuqala" ngamashumi ezigidi zamakhilomitha, amaza omsakazo kancane kancane "anamandla."
Ngenkathi ukuxhumana kwe-laser kuhlanganisa imininingwane ngezithombe, uma kuqhathaniswa namagagasi omsakazo, amagagasi akhanyayo aseduze anemvamisa ephakeme, okwenza kube nokwazi ukwakha idatha ye-spatial "ephezulu. Leli phuzu liqinisekiswe kuqala ekuhlolweni kwesikhala se-Low-Earth Ord. Ngemuva kokuthatha izindlela ezifanele zokuvumelanisa nokunqoba ukuphazamiseka komkhathi, izinga lokudlulisa idatha yohlelo lokuxhumana lwe-laser lwake laphezulu kakhulu kunesiphi izikhathi eziyi-100 kunalokho kwezokuxhumana ezedlule.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-26-2024