Ubuchwepheshe bokutholwa kwe-photoelectric (I-Avalanche photodetector) : Isahluko esisha ekudaluleni amasiginali okukhanya abuthakathaka
Ocwaningweni lwesayensi, ukutholwa okunembile kwezimpawu zokukhanya ezibuthakathaka kuyisihluthulelo sokuvula izinkambu eziningi zesayensi. Muva nje, impumelelo entsha yocwaningo lwesayensi ilethe izinguquko ekutholeni amasiginali okukhanya abuthakathaka. Ii-avalanche photodetectoruchungechunge olwakhiwe ithimba locwaningo lwesayensi elaziwayo e-China, ngokusebenza kwalo okuyingqayizivele kanye nezinzuzo, luzovula isahluko esisha sokutholwa kwesignali yokukhanya ebuthakathaka.
Iqhwai-photodetectorimikhiqizo yochungechunge, ngokusho komgomo we-avalanche amplification weI-APD, ukukhuliswa izikhathi eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-100 kunesitshina esijulile se-PIN esithwebula ugesi, esizwela kakhulu, umsindo ophansi, ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa nezinye izinzuzo ezibalulekile. Ukuvela kwalolu chungechunge lwemikhiqizo kuzosiza abacwaningi ukuthi bathole kangcono futhi bahlaziye amasignali okukhanya abuthakathaka, futhi kuthuthukiswe ukujula kocwaningo lwesayensi.
Izici eziyinhloko zalolu chungechunge lwemikhiqizo umsindo ophansi, inzuzo ephezulu kanye ne-fiber optical, izinketho zokuhlanganisa indawo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ngabe imvelo yelabhorethri noma indawo eyinkimbinkimbi yangaphandle, umkhiqizo ungafinyelela ukutholwa kwesignali ye-optical enembile, unikeze ukusekelwa kwedatha okuthembekile kubacwaningi. Lobu buchwepheshe obusha abuthuthukisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa kwamasignali okubona, kodwa futhi kunciphisa umsindo okhiqizwa inqubo yokuthola futhi kuthuthukisa ukunemba kokutholwa.
Ngokukhethekile, ububanzi be-spectra yokuphendula buhlanganisa i-300-1100nm kanye ne-800-1700nm, nama-bandwidth angu-3dB afika ku-200MHz, 500MHz, 1GHz kanye no-10GHz. Lokhu kucaciswa okuhlukahlukene namapharamitha kwenza umkhiqizo ukwazi ukujwayelana nezidingo zocwaningo lwesayensi ezihlukene, kanye nenhlobonhlobo yezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ukutholwa kwesignali ye-optical ebuthaka, ukutholwa kwesignali ye-optical pulse yesivinini esikhulu, kanye nokuxhumana kwe-quantum.
Kuhle ukusho ukuthi umkhiqizo une-avalanche photodiode eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, isekethe yokukhulisa umsindo ophansi, i-APD bias boost circuit, kanye nobude bokutholwa balo lonke uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo luhlanganisa i-300nm-1700nm. Lo mklamo wenza umkhiqizo ukwazi ukuthola ukuzwela okuphezulu, kodwa futhi unciphise ngempumelelo umsindo, uthuthukise ukunemba kokutholwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ozikhethela zona ze-fiber optical kanye nokuhlanganisa indawo kwenza umkhiqizo uthole ukutholwa kwesignali okunembile ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngamafuphi, ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sikhukhulaumtshina we-photoelectricuchungechunge ngokungangabazeki luyimpumelelo enkulu kubuchwepheshe bokutholwa kwe-photoelectric. Ukuvela kwalo mkhiqizo kunikeza ithuba elisha lokutholwa kwesignali yokukhanya ebuthakathaka emhlabeni jikelele. Silindele ukuthi lo mkhiqizo udlale indima enkulu ocwaningweni lwesayensi lwesikhathi esizayo, ukhuthaze ukuqhubeka kwesayensi, futhi usize kangcono ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi wabantu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-07-2023