Namuhla, sizokwethula i-laser "monochromatic" ngokwedlulele - i-laser yobubanzi obuncane bomugqa. Ukuvela kwayo kugcwalisa izikhala emikhakheni eminingi yohlelo lokusebenza lwe-laser, futhi eminyakeni yamuva nje ibisetshenziswa kabanzi ekuboneni amagagasi adonsela phansi, i-liDAR, inzwa esabalalisiwe, ukuxhumana okuhambisanayo kwejubane eliphezulu kanye neminye imikhakha, “okungumsebenzi” ongeke ukwazi ukwenziwa. igcwaliswe kuphela ngokuthuthukisa amandla e-laser.
Iyini i-laser yobubanzi obuncane bomugqa?
Igama elithi “ububanzi bomugqa” libhekisela kububanzi bomugqa we-spectral we-laser esizindeni samafrikhwensi, okuvamise ukubalwa ngokobubanzi obugcwele be-spectrum (FWHM). Ububanzi bomugqa buthintwa ikakhulukazi imisebe ezenzakalelayo yama-athomu noma ama-ion ajabulile, umsindo wesigaba, ukudlidliza komshini kwe-resonator, i-jitter yezinga lokushisa nezinye izici zangaphandle. I-value encane yobubanzi bomugqa, iphakamisa ukuhlanzeka kwe-spectrum, okungukuthi, okungcono i-monochromaticity ye-laser. Amalaza anezici ezinjalo ngokuvamile anesigaba esincane kakhulu noma umsindo wemvamisa kanye nomsindo omncane wokuqina ohlobene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani lobubanzi bomugqa belaser liba lincane, kuqina ukuhambisana okuhambisanayo, okubonakala njengobude obude kakhulu bokuhambisana.
Ukugcwaliseka kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-laser yobubanzi obuncane bomugqa
Kukhawulwe ububanzi bokuzuza okungokwemvelo bento esebenzayo ye-laser, cishe akunakwenzeka ukubona ngokuqondile ukuphuma kwe-laser yobubanzi obuncane bomugqa ngokuthembela ku-oscillator yendabuko ngokwayo. Ukuze ubone ukusebenza kwe-laser yobubanzi obuncane bomugqa, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izihlungi, i-grating namanye amadivaysi ukukhawulela noma ukukhetha i-modulus ye-longitudinal ku-spectrum yokuzuza, ukwandisa umehluko wokuzuza inetha phakathi kwezindlela ze-longitudinal, ukuze kube khona okumbalwa noma okukodwa kuphela kwemodi ye-longitudinal ku-laser resonator. Kule nqubo, kuvame ukudingekile ukulawula ithonya lomsindo ekuphumeni kwe-laser, futhi unciphise ukunwetshwa kwemigqa ye-spectral ebangelwa ukudlidliza noshintsho lokushisa kwemvelo yangaphandle; Ngasikhathi sinye, ingabuye ihlanganiswe nokuhlaziywa kwesigaba noma ukuminyana kwe-spectral yomsindo ukuze kuqondwe umthombo womsindo nokwandisa ukwakheka kwelaser, ukuze kuzuzwe ukuphuma okuzinzile kwelaser yobubanzi obuncane bomugqa.
Ake sibheke ukugcwaliseka kokusebenza kobubanzi bomugqa obuncane bezigaba eziningana ezahlukene zama-lasers.
Ama-laser we-semiconductor anezinzuzo zosayizi ohlangene, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, impilo ende kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho.
I-Fabry-Perot (FP) i-optical resonator esetshenziswa ngokwesikoi-semiconductor lasersngokuvamile i-oscillates kumodi ye-multi-longitudinal, futhi ububanzi bomugqa ophumayo bubanzi ngokuqhathaniswa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwandisa impendulo yokubona ukuze uthole okukhiphayo kobubanzi bomugqa omncane.
I-Distributed feedback (DFB) kanye ne-Distributed Bragg reflection (DBR) amalaser amabili ajwayelekile angaphakathi we-optical semiconductor laser. Ngenxa ye-grating encane kanye nokukhetha okuhle kwe-wavelength, kulula ukuzuza okukhiphayo okuzinzile kwefrequency eyodwa emincane yobubanzi bomugqa. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zakhiwo ezimbili ukuma kwegridi: isakhiwo se-DFB ngokuvamile sisabalalisa ukwakheka kwezikhathi ezithile kwe-Bragg grating kuyo yonke i-resonator, futhi i-resonator ye-DBR ivamise ukwakhiwa ngesakhiwo se-reflection kanye nesifunda sokuzuza sihlanganiswe indawo yokugcina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-laser e-DFB asebenzisa ama-grating ashumekiwe anomehluko ophansi we-refractive index kanye nokubonakala okuphansi. Ama-laser e-DBR asebenzisa ama-grating angaphezulu anomehluko ophezulu wenkomba ye-refractive kanye nokubonakala okuphezulu. Zombili lezi zakhiwo zinebanga elikhulu lamahhala le-spectral futhi zingenza ukushuna kwe-wavelength ngaphandle kwemodi yeqe ebangeni lama-nanometer ambalwa, lapho i-DBR laser inobubanzi bokushuna obubanzi kunoI-DFB laser. Ukwengeza, ubuchwepheshe bempendulo ye-cavity optical yangaphandle, obusebenzisa izakhi zangaphandle zokubona ukuze kuphendule ukukhanya okuphumayo kwe-semiconductor laser chip nokukhetha ukuvama, futhi kungaqaphela ukusebenza komugqa obanzi we-laser semiconductor.
(2) Fiber lasers
Ama-fiber lasers anezinga eliphezulu lokuguqulwa kwephampu, ikhwalithi enhle yogongolo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuxhumanisa okuphezulu, okuyizihloko zocwaningo ezishisayo emkhakheni we-laser. Ngomongo weminyaka yolwazi, ama-fiber lasers anokuhambisana okuhle nezinhlelo zamanje zokuxhumana zefiber optical emakethe. I-fiber laser ye-single-frequency enezinzuzo zobubanzi bomugqa omncane, umsindo ophansi nokuhambisana okuhle isibe enye yezinkomba ezibalulekile zokuthuthuka kwayo.
Ukusebenza kwemodi ye-longitudinal eyodwa kuwumgogodla we-fiber laser ukuze kuzuzwe okukhiphayo kobubanzi bomugqa omncane, ngokuvamile ngokuya ngesakhiwo se-resonator ye-fiber frequency laser eyodwa ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-DFB, uhlobo lwe-DBR nohlobo lwendandatho. Phakathi kwazo, isimiso sokusebenza se-DFB kanye ne-DBR single-frequency fibre lasers siyefana naleyo ye-DFB kanye ne-DBR semiconductor lasers.
Njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1, i-DFB fibre laser ukubhala i-Bragg grating ibe yifayibha. Ngenxa yokuthi ubude be-wavelength obusebenzayo be-oscillator buthinteka isikhathi se-fiber, imodi ye-longitudinal ingakhethwa ngempendulo esabalalisiwe ye-grating. I-laser resonator ye-laser ye-DBR ivamise ukwakhiwa ngepheya le-fiber Bragg gratings, futhi imodi ye-longitudinal eyodwa ikakhulukazi ikhethwa ibhande elincane kanye ne-reflection fibre ephansi ye-Bragg gratings. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa ye-resonator yayo ende, ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuntuleka kwendlela ephumelelayo yokubandlulula imvamisa, indawo emise okwendandatho ijwayele ukugxumagxuma, futhi kunzima ukusebenza ngokuzinzile kumodi ye-longitudinal engaguquki isikhathi eside.
Umfanekiso 1, Izakhiwo ezimbili ezijwayelekile zomugqa wefrikhwensi eyodwai-fiber lasers
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-27-2023